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Madonna A&P II > CH 19 BLOOD > Flashcards

CH 19 BLOOD Flashcards

1
Q

the agranular leukocyte (agranulocyte) that is capable of phagocytosis is the ______

A

Monocyte

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2
Q

people with type “o” blood are considered “universal donors” for transfusions because

A

their blood lacks A and B antigen

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3
Q

the white blood cell type that most rapidly increases in number after a bacterial infection is the

A

neutrophils

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4
Q

the common pathway in coagulation ends with

A

conversion of soluble fibrinogen to insoluble fibrin

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5
Q

most of the protein factors that are required for clotting are synthesized by

A

the liver

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6
Q

the percent fraction of formed elements relative to whole blood is the

A

hematocrit

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7
Q

the combination of plasma and formed elements is called

A

whole blood

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8
Q

a person who has a low blood volume is said to be

A

hypovolemic

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9
Q

the chief difference between plasma and interstitial fluid involves the

A

concentration of proteins

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10
Q

are antibodies a formed element of blood?

A

no

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11
Q

the most abundant solute in plasma is

A

protein

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12
Q

the function of hemoglobin is to

A

carry dissolved blood gases

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13
Q

A bruise appears as a greenish spot in the skin because

A

the heme group in the hemoglobin has broken down into biliverdin.

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14
Q

Each heme ring in hemoglobin encloses an atom of

A

iron

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15
Q

Which of the following vitamins is needed for the formation of clotting factors?

A

vitamin K

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16
Q

Which plasma protein transports fatty acids and some hormones?

A

albumin

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17
Q

Which of these is not one of the formed elements of blood

A

antibodies

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18
Q

The process of fibrinolysis

A

dissolves clots.

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19
Q

Platelets are

A

cytoplasmic fragments of large cells

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20
Q

The level of erythropoietin in the blood would rise due to all of the following, except

A

during periods of fasting.

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21
Q

People with type AB blood are considered the “universal recipients” for transfusions because

A

their blood lacks A or B agglutinins.

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22
Q

Platelets are pinched off from giant multinucleated cells in the bone marrow called

A

megakaryocytes

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23
Q

___ involves a cascade of reactions leading to the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin.

A

Coagulation

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24
Q

Most of the iron that is removed from degraded hemoglobin is

A

recycled to the red bone marrow.

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25
Q

All the circulating red blood cells in an adult originate in the

A

red bone marrow.

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26
Q

the common pathway in coagulation ends with

A

conversion of soluble fibrinogen to insoluble fibrin

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27
Q

most of the protein factors that are required for clotting are synthesized by

A

the liver

28
Q

the chief difference between plasma and interstitial fluid involves the

A

concentration of protein

29
Q

are antibodies a formed element of blood?

A

no

30
Q

the most abundant solute in plasma is

serum cant coagulate because the _____ has been removed

transferrin is an example of what kind of plasma protein

A

protein

fibrongen

metalloprotein

31
Q

what plasma protein transports fatty acids and some hormones?


which organ secretes most of the plasma proteins :

plasma proteins essential in body defense are the

A

Albumin

liver

immunoglobulins

32
Q

a plasma protein essential for blood coagulation is

the formed elements are largely produced within the
_____

red blood cell production is regulated by the hormone

A

fibrinogen

red bone marrow

erythroprotein

33
Q

the disease sickle cell anemia is an example of what can happen is

an obstruction in blood flow to the kidneys would ultimately result in

each heme ring in hemoglobin encloses and atom of

A

a gene for adult hemoglobin is abnormal

increases erythropoiesis

iron

34
Q

the function of hemoglobin is to

pernicious anemia caused by a lack of intrinsic factor is specifically treated by

a bruise appears as a greenish spot in the skin because

A

carry dissolved blood gases

injections of vitamin B 12

the heme group in the hemoglobin has broken down into biliverdin


35
Q

the waste product bilirubin is produced from

most of the iron that is removed from degraded hemoglobin is

the process of red blood cell production is called

A

heme molecules lacking iron

recycled to the red bone marrow

erythopoiesis

36
Q

each hemoglobin molecule contains

A person with a type A positive blood type can safely receive blood from O+ A- A+ but not

people with type AB blood are considered the “universal recipient” for transfusions because

A

four iron atoms

B+

their blood lacks A or B antigens

37
Q

anti D antibodies are present in the blood of

granulocytes form in

the most numerous white blood cells in peripheral circulation are

white blood cells that release histamine at the site of an injury are

A

Rh negative individuals who have been exposed to the D surface antigen

red bone marrow

the neutrophils

basophils

38
Q

____ are large phagocytic white cells that spend most of their time outside the blood as fixed and free phagocytic cells

white blood cells that are increased in allergic individuals are the

eosinophils function in

A

monocytes

eosinophils

destroying antibody labeled antigens

39
Q

1.the blood cells involved in specific immunity are the

2. non specific immunity such as phagocytosis is a function of which blood cells?

3. the function of platelets is to assist in the

4. platelets are pinched off from giant multnucleated cells in the bone marrow called

5. platelets are

6. during fibrinolysis

7. the enzyme that dissolves fibrin is names

8. the complex process that leads to the formation of fibrin from fibrinogen is called

A
  1. lymphocytes,
  2. neutrophils, eosinophils, and monocytes
  3. process called hemostasis
  4. megakaryocytes
  5. cytoplasmic fragments of large cells
  6. clots slowly dissolve
  7. plasmin
  8. coagulation
40
Q

the extrinsic pathway of coagulation is initiated by the

the intrinsic pathway of coagulation is acitvated by the

the common pathway of coagulation begins with the

some rat poisons contain a toxin that blocks the liver’s ability to utilize vitamin K. animals that consume this poison would die of

a substance that activated plasminogen might be useful to cause

what vitamin is need for the formation of clotting factors?

a moving blood clot is called

the most abundant component of plasma is

A

release of tissue factor (factoryIII) by damaged endothelium (EXTRINSIC)

activation of factor XII exposed to collagen (INTRINSIC)

conversion of factor X to prothrombinase (COMMON)

hemorrhage

clot dissolution to proceed faster

vitamin k

an embolus

water

41
Q

A hematocrit provides information on

A

formed elements abundance

42
Q

Type AB blood has which of the following characteristics

A

RBCs have both the A & B surface antigens and no ABO plasma antibodies.

43
Q

Bill wants to determine his blood type

A

Bill’s plasma contains B antibodies

44
Q

Which of these proteins functions to store or transport iron?

A

ferritin, hemosiderin, and transferrin

45
Q

Most of the protein factors that are required for clotting are synthesized by

A

the liver

46
Q

The average life span of red blood cell is

A

4 months

47
Q

Tissue factor (Factor III) is a factor in the( extrinsic) pathway

A

extrinsic

48
Q

A substance that activates plasminogen might be useful to

A

cause clot dissolution to proceed faster

49
Q

The conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin is catalyzed by the enzyme

A

thrombin

50
Q

More than 95 percent of the protein in a red blood cell is

A

hemoglobin

51
Q

Plasma is closest in composition to

A

interstitial fluid

52
Q

A person’s blood type is determined largely by the

A

presence of specific glycoproteins on the cell membrane.

53
Q

How would removal of calcium ions from a blood sample affect coagulation?

A

coagulation would be prevented

54
Q

In case of hemorrhage, platelets are stored as a reserve in

A

the spleen

55
Q

Each hemoglobin molecule contains

A

four iron atoms

56
Q

Pacemaker cells in the SA node

A

can spontaneously depolarize.

57
Q

Put in correct order the sequence in which excitation would move through the conducting system of heart:

  1. Purkinje fibers
  2. AV bundle
  3. AV node
  4. SA node
  5. bundle branches
A

4,3,2,5,1

SA node, AVnode, AV bundle, bundle branches, Purkinje fibers

58
Q

Analysis of the electrocardiogram can reveal all of the following, except the

A

stroke volume.

59
Q

Activation of which kind of receptor causes heart rate to increase?

A

beta-one receptor

60
Q

The pulmanary veins carry blood to the

A

heart

61
Q

Coronary veins empty into the

A

RIGHT ATRIUM

62
Q

during ventricular systole, the

A

AV valves are closed.

63
Q

Heart rate is controlled by neurons of the cardiovascular center located in the

A

medulla oblongata.

64
Q

The P wave of the electrocardigram is a signal from

A

depolarization of the atria

65
Q

Depolarization of the ventricles is represented on an electrocardiogram by the

A

QRS complex.

66
Q

The visceral pericardium is the same as

A

epicardium

Madonna A&P II (3 decks)

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