Ch. 18 Vocab

Question 0

Agent that causes disease

Answer 0

Pathogen

Question 1

Infectious particle made only of a strand of DNA or RNA surrounded by a protein coat

Answer 1

Virus

Question 2

Infectious particle made of single-stranded RNA without a protein coat, that almost always uses plants as their host

Answer 2

Viroids

Question 3

Infectious agent that consists of a protein fragment that can cause other proteins to fold incorrectly

Answer 3

Prion

Question 4

Protein shell that surrounds the virus

Answer 4

Capsid

Question 5

Virus that eats or infects bacteria

Answer 5

Bacteriophage

Question 6

Infectious pathway of a virus in which host cells are destroyed

Answer 6

Lytic infection

Question 7

Infectious pathway of a virus in which host cells are not immediately destroyed

Answer 7

Lysogenic infection

Question 8

DNA of a bacteriophage inserted into a host cell’s DNA

Answer 8

Prophage

Question 9

Rapid outbreak of a disease that affects many people

Answer 9

Epidemic

Question 10

Substance that stimulates an immune response, producing acquired immunity without illness or infection

Answer 10

Vaccine

Question 11

Virus that contains RNA and uses the enzyme called reverse transcriptase to make a DNA copy

Answer 11

Retrovirus

Question 12

Prokaryote that cannot survive in the presence of oxygen

Answer 12

Obligate anaerobe

Question 13

Prokaryote that cannot survive without the presence of oxygen

Answer 13

Obligate aerobe

Question 14

Organism that an live without or with oxygen

Answer 14

Facultative aerobe

Question 15

Circular piece of genetic material found in bacteria that can replicate separately from the DNA of the main chromosome

Answer 15

Plasmid

Question 16

Whiplike structure outside of a cell that is used for movement

Answer 16

Flagellum

Question 17

Process by which a prokaryote transfers part of its chromosome to another prokaryote

Answer 17

Conjugation

Question 18

Prokaryotic cell with a thick, protective wall surround its DNA

Answer 18

Endosperm

Question 19

Process by which humans use living things to break down pollutants

Answer 19

Bioremediation

Question 20

Poison released by an organism

Answer 20

Toxin

Question 21

Chemical that kills or slows the growth of bacteria

Answer 21

Antibiotic