Ch. 18 - Textbook Questions

Question 1

Which variable is made up of distinct and separate units or categories but is counted only in whole numbers?

a) Quantitative
b) Qualitative
c) Continuous
d) Discrete

Answer 1

D) DISCRETE

Question 2

Which scale of measurement contains all of the characteristics of the preceding scales and has an absolute zero point determined by nature?

a) Interval
b) Ordinal
c) Ratio
d) Numerical

Answer 2

C) RATIO

Question 3

Which type of correlational relationship would the following statement indicate: as the consumption of fluoridated water increases, the caries rate decreases.

a) Positive
b) Inverse
c) Strong
d) Weak

Answer 3

B) INVERSE

Question 4

The research hypothesis, also called the alternative or positive hypothesis, is the logical opposite of the null hypothesis. The research hypothesis can indicate a direction of difference.

a) The 1st statement is TRUE; the 2nd statement is FALSE.
b) The 1st statement is FALSE; the 2nd statement is TRUE.
c) Both statements are TRUE.
d) Both statements are FALSE.

Answer 4

C) BOTH STATEMENTS ARE TRUE.

Question 5

The chi-square test is the most commonly used non-parametric statistic. It is used to determine whether a significant difference exists between frequency counts of nominal (categorical or dichotomous) data by comparing the observed frequencies to expected frequencies.

a) The 1st statement is TRUE; the 2nd statement is FALSE.
b) The 1st statement is FALSE; the 2nd statement is TRUE.
c) Both statements are TRUE.
d) Both statements are FALSE.

Answer 5

C) BOTH STATEMENTS ARE TRUE.