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Majors > CH. 18 and 19 Major Procedures > Flashcards

CH. 18 and 19 Major Procedures Flashcards

1
Q

——- ——– can be quite complex involving skin, muscle, nerves and blood vessels

A

Maxiliofacial injuries

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2
Q

—— ——– surgery focuses on reconstruction and repairs of the facial bones and may include structures of the oral cavity

A

Oral Maxillofacial surgery

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3
Q

—– —— —– removes the epidermis and a portion of the dermis to reduce facial lines and wrinkles

A

Laser skin resurfacing

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4
Q

—— or —— surgery is performed to improve appearance but not function

A

aesthetic or cosmetic

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5
Q

——— procedures are primarily performed by or maxillofacial, plastic or otorhinolaryngology surgeons.

A

maxilofacial

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6
Q

—– - —— —— involves the bones of the face, primarily for repair of fractures and reconstruction for congenital abnormalities

A

oral-maxilofacial surgery

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7
Q

one of the most fundamental goals of any maxilomandibular procedure is to preserce the patients :

A

unique bite pattern

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8
Q

—— and ——- surgery is involved with the treatment of congenital defects and anatomical abnormalities caused by disease and injury. Restoration of FORM and FUNCTION is primary goal.

A

plastic and reconstructive

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9
Q

what 3 parts is the face divided into

A

upper, midface and lower face

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10
Q

the — —— forms the bridge of the nose, and articulates with the ethmoid and maxilla. Fracture of this may injure the lacrimal apparatus including the ducts and lacrimal gland.

A

Nasal Bone

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11
Q

——- is the only movable bone of the face, it is a U shaped bone that is suspended from the temporal bone.

A

Mandible

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12
Q

the —— forms the lateral walls and floor of the bony orbit, which houses the eyeball

A

Zygoma

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13
Q

——- ——- skin grafts consists of the epidermis and a portion of the paillary dermis

A

Split-thickness skin graft

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14
Q

——– graft transfered from one human to another

A

allograft

-Both allografts and homografts are subject to reabsorption over time

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15
Q

what are some vital functions of the skin

A
  • protect underlying tissues and organs
  • excretes organic wastes and stores nutrients
  • sensory organs in the skin transmit touch, pressure pain and temp
  • excretes water and dissipates heat as a means of thermoregulation
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16
Q

The ——- ———– is the most superficial layer. It is relatively transparent and composed of dead karatinocytes that are filled with a protein called keratin. It is thicker on areas of the body that are weight bearing or exposed to friction such as hands and feet.

A

stratum corneum

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17
Q

Full thickness skin graft (FTSG) is composed of the —— nad ——–

A

dermis and epidermis

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18
Q

What are the soft tissue layers of the face

A

skin, fat, muscle, fascia and ligaments

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19
Q

The subcutaneous fatty tissue is separated into deep and surperficial layers by a fascia plane called the —— ——-

A

fascia superficialis

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20
Q

———- is the number, type and pattern of the teeth

A

dentition

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21
Q

——— ———– is a congenital defect resulting in a small lower jaw. this can affect feeding in the infant and alignment of the teeth as the infant grows.

A

Mandibular micrognathia

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22
Q

—– —– —- is a horizontal fracture of the maxilla that causes the hard pallat and alveolar process to become separated from the remainder of the maxilla. The fracture extends into the lower nasal septum lateral maxillary sinus and palatine bones.

A

Le Fort I

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23
Q

—- ——– is characterized by persistent pain, and is usually associated with stress related muscle tension and grinding teeth (Bruxism) malocclusion trauma or arthritis

A

TMJ Disease

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24
Q

What do patients normally expirience after oral maxilary due to corneal shield

A

blurred vision

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25
Q

—– —— —- fracture is the separation of all the facial bones from their cranial base. It includes frature of the zygoma, maxilla and nasal bones. The fracture line extends through the ethmoid bone and bony orbit with severe facial flattening and swelling.

A

Le Fort III

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26
Q

—- —– – fracture is pyramidal. It extends from the nasal bone, to the frontal processes of the maxilla, lacrimal bones and inferior orbital floor and may extend into the orbital foramen. Inferiorly, it extends into the anterior maxillary sinus and into the pterygoid plates.

A

Le Fort II

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27
Q

What diagnostic tool is used for simple assesment of baseline fractures

A

X-Ray

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28
Q

What diagnostic tool is used for assesment with complex fractures, reconstructive surgeries, extensive tissue swelling

A

CT scan

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29
Q

What is the prep area for facial fractures and what is used for prep

A

Entire face- Hairline to Sternal Notch

betadine paint and scrub

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30
Q

—— implants are placed beneath the periosteum directly on the alveolar bone. This type of implant is used primarily when bone is insufficient to support an endosteal implant.

A

Subperiosteal implants

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31
Q

—– —– are implanted to realign detition of the manible and midface

A

Arch Bars

32
Q

—– and —- are primary means of repairing a facial fracture

A

plates and screws

33
Q

a —– screw penetrates both cortical layers and the intervening spongy layer of the bone

A

bicortical

34
Q

during an —- —– —— a periosteal elevator is sued to elevate the perosteum off of the crainium to the level of the superior orbital rims

A

open brow lift

35
Q

a large split thickness graft is removed with the ——-

A

dermatome

36
Q

before repair of a sinus fracture, the sinus mucosa must be removed and the duct occluded. The sinus is then often filled with — ——

A

Fat Graft

37
Q

—— ——- dictates that wires on arch bars be tightened in a clockwise fashion so that any other surgeon knows to remove them in a counter clockwise direction

A

standard protocol

38
Q

third degree burns develop —–, which is devitalized, non elastic tissue adhering to the wound site. This is removed during debridement to allow healing and reduce constriction.

A

Eschar

39
Q

——- is a surgical technique in which a plane of tissue is created or an existing tissue plane is lifted such as skin from the fascia

A

Undermine

40
Q

Biological grafts are dirived from

A

living tissue

41
Q

Synthetic grafts are dirived from

A

man made materials

42
Q

the surgeon makes an incision in the ——– region, 2 to 3 mm below the lash line, using a #15 blade

A

subciliary region

43
Q

—— ——- are placed around surgical site to reduce risk of surgical fire and peripheral thermal damage

A

moist towels

44
Q

During cheek augmentation the incision is ——-. after the patient is prepped and draped, the incision is made under the ——- duct with a #15 blade and extended to the periosteum.

A

Intraorally

Parotid Duct

45
Q

During removal of a superficial lesion, retraction of the skin edges is done by using what?

A

Double or single prong skin hooks

46
Q

a —— —— aka (Flap Graft) is raised from the donor site but not immediately severed free. The donor site tissue is partially severed and the flap brought into contract with the recipient site. The graft is sutured in place to cover the defect.

A

Pedicle graft

47
Q

an ————– Flap is raised from the tissues in the immediate area of the defect.

A

Advancement flap

48
Q

——- flaps are semicircular and require some degree of turning in order to reach and cover the recipient tissue defect

A

Rotation Flaps

49
Q

——— is performed to remove excess skin and adipose tissue from the abdominal wall

A

Panniculectomy

50
Q

Damaged or dead cells prevent the formation of fibrin, collagen and other matrix tissue that binds the healing tissues. The process of removing the diseased, damaged or infected cells is called

A

Debridement

51
Q

Who primarily performs procedures involving teeth

A

oral-maxiliofacial surgeon

52
Q

—— ——– is performed to correct a bony deformity of the maxilla.

A

midface advancement

53
Q

What is the prep for a bicornal incision? (behind the hairline)

A

head shaved, prep carried fromposterior head to the sternal notch. Mouth rinsed with diluted betadine paint, teeth brushed

54
Q

What is the procedure called when the maxilla and mandible are placed in normal closed position and fixated with wire

A

MMF Maxillomandibular fixation

aka application of arch bars

55
Q

What procedure can be done to correct redundant and sagging supportive tissue of the face, possibly caused by age or disease?

A

Rhytidectomy (face lift)

56
Q

what is mentoplasty

A

augmentation of the skin

57
Q

what procedure is performed to rejuvenate an aging face, particularly lower third of the face jawline and neck

A

rhytidectomy

58
Q

what is the surgical creation of the external ear, invision made in the postauricular skin using #15 blade which exposes cartrilage

A

otoplasty

59
Q

What procedure is performed to remove excess skin and tissue from the abdominal wall

A

panniculectomy

60
Q

what is a malar augmentation

A

procedure to enlarge the cheeks

61
Q

what is the term for the size of a structure being enlarged

A

augmentation

62
Q

This area is normally injured during a blow to the forehead and trauma it may involve the nasal duct. The fronta bone is part of the cranium but forms the forehead and containes portions of the nasal sinuses, injury to the dura might also occur.

A

Upper Face

63
Q

Fractures in this area are important in their asssociation with injury to the eye. Especially in displaced fractures. THis includes zygoma, maxilla, lacrimal, ethmoid, sphenoid and palatine bones.

A

midface

64
Q

This bone is a complex structure that contributes to the floor of the cranium and contains a number of sinus cavities

A

Ethmoid bone

65
Q

The —— ——– come together to form the upper jaw, anterior hard palate and a portion of the orbital cavities

A

bilateral maxilla

66
Q

the —— is the only movable bone of the face, it is U shaped and extends from the temporal bone.

A

mandible

67
Q

the —— extends inferiorly from the condyle to the angle where it joinsthe body of the mandible and extends anteriorly and medially to join the other half of the manible

A

Ramus

68
Q

the ——– insert into the glenoid fossa of the temporal bones to form the temporomandibular joints.

A

condytes

69
Q

Rigid canulas that are connected to a large bore suction tubing—- aspiration of adipose tissue

A

lipsuction

70
Q

—— is used to resurface the face- wet towels are needed to surround the surgical field.

A

Laser

71
Q

——- Used to invrease the surface area of grafted skin by puncturing holes into the skin graft used to aerate a skin graft

A

Mesher

72
Q

——- is used to take autograft skin, mechanical and drum are two types of these.

A

Dermotome

73
Q

—- —— includes a cannula for endoscope to be passed through, the corneal, pretricial ordirect approach may be used.

A

brow lift

74
Q

——- is performed to change the size of the breast or reconstruct without the use of implants, requires use of a tissue expander under certain conditions and treats macromastia

A

mammoplasty

75
Q

Performed to excise the excess abdominal wall skin, usually after significant weight loss

A

panniculectomy

76
Q

Performed to rejuvenate an aging face

A

rhytidectomy

77
Q

used to create a new nipple, stent dressing used, type of autograft

A

Skin Graft

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