Ch. 18 & 19

Question 1

What does a hygienist note during a periodontal assessment of a patient who smokes?

Answer 1

Fibrotic gingival tissues and no bleeding on probing.

Question 2

What are 3 systemic contributing factors for periodontal disease?

Answer 2

Tobacco use, psychosocial stress, and hormone alteration

Question 3

What is the most common measure of body fat?

Answer 3

BMI

Question 4

Latest research indicates that overall and abdominal obesity are associated with increased prevalence of what?

Answer 4

Periodontal disease

Question 5

Can specific nutrient deficiencies cause a periodontal infection?

Answer 5

No

Question 6

What 3 minerals assist the body with wound healing?

Answer 6

Copper, zinc, and Iron

Question 7

A diet rich in what nutrient can improve the risk of periodontal disease?

Answer 7

Omega 3 fatty acids

Question 8

Tobacco smoking may cause what?

Answer 8

Changes in the pocket environment resulting in different bacterial pathogens and reduced bleeding due to vascularization of the periodontium

Question 9

T/F Implant success rates for smokers are much less than for nonsmokers

Answer 9

True

Question 10

How may a vitamin D deficiency manifest in the bone?

Answer 10

Thinning of the lattice-like bone filling the interior of the alveolar process

Question 11

Which 3 vitamins/minerals assist the body in generating healthy sulcular epithelium?

Answer 11

Protein
Vitamin A
Calcium

Question 12

Which deficiency can cause scurvy?

Answer 12

Vitamin C definciency

Question 13

t/f If mothers consistently took vitamin C supplements while pregnant then rebound scurvy can occur in their newborn babies.

Answer 13

True

Question 14

Beta-carotene, vitamin C, vitamin E (tocopherol), & selenium are all what?

Answer 14

Antioxidants

Question 15

Will taking a daily multivitamin prevent the progression of periodontal disease?

Answer 15

No

Question 16

Vitamin B1 (thiamin), vitamin B2 (riboflavin), vitamin B3 (niacin), vitamin B5 (pantothenic acid), vitamin B6 (pyridoxin), vitamin B7 (biotin), vitamin B9 (folate or folic acid), vitamin B12 (cobalamin) are all water-soluble and make up what?

Answer 16

The 8 B vitamin complex

Question 17

Vitamin D is a fat soluable vitamin necessary for bone health and should be taking in conjunction with what?

Answer 17

Fatty foods

Question 17

Adipose tissue secretes…..

Answer 17

hormones, growth factors, cytokines, and enzymes which can affect the body’s overall systemic inflammation

Question 17

One hypothesis linking obesity and periodontal disease is that adipose tissue releases an elevated production of ________________ ________________ which is measured at higher levels in individuals with periodontal disease.

Answer 17

inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-a