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Phys 5B > ch. 18 > Flashcards

ch. 18 Flashcards

1
Q

when you look at an object in the mirror, the image is

A

behind the mirror

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2
Q

When an object like a tree is illuminated by the sun, and you are looking toward the tree, light rays leave the object

A

from every point on the surface of the tree, and in every direction

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3
Q

Part complete
A ray of light impinges on a transparent material at some angle with the normal. If the material has a higher index of refraction, as it enters, the ray will ______________.

A

bend to make a smaller angle with the normal

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4
Q

What conditions are necessary for total internal reflection to occur?

A

angle 1 must be greater than the critical angle and n2<n1

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5
Q

what does angle of refracted light depend on

A

it depends on the indexes of refraction of the materials and the angle of the incident ray

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6
Q

When light hits the boundary between two different materials, it can undergo

A

both reflection and refraction

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7
Q

When viewing an object that is immersed in water, the image that is formed is __________.

A

a virtual image

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8
Q

The focal length of a converging lens is __________.

A

the distance at which parallel light rays are focused.

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9
Q

What does a negative magnification indicate?

A

inverted and real

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10
Q

The shape of a diverging lens is ______________.

A

thinner in the center than around the edges

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11
Q

The shape of a converging lens is ______________.

A

thicker in the center

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12
Q

if a lense creates a real image? is it converging or diverging

A

diverging lenses only make virtual images, converging can make ether

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13
Q

what is an extended source

A

it is a source where every point acts as a point source

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14
Q

what is a point source

A

it is a source of idealized light that emis rays in all directions

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15
Q

when will a point source or extended source be seen

A

they will be seen always, they have rays that emit from all directions and can be seen from all angles

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16
Q

when a ray is at an interface, what can happen

A

it can be reflected or refracted

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17
Q

when a light is in a material, what can happen

A

it can be scattered or absorbed

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18
Q

what is scattering

A

single rays are broken into weaker rays that point in all directions

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19
Q

when an object intercepts a point source, what happens

A

a sharp shadow is created

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20
Q

when a object blocks a extended source, what happens

A

there is a large collection of point sources that each produce their own shadow so the shadow is blurry and overlapped

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21
Q

what is the law of reflection

A

it states that the angle to the normal that the incident light makes, is the same angle that the angle of reflection makes with the normal

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22
Q

what are diffuse surfaces

A

they are surfaces that are rough and create reflected rays that point in many directions and do not produce an image

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23
Q

in a plane mirror, where do the rays come from? where do they appear to come from?

A

they come from object P, but appear to come from P’

24
Q

what is a virtual image generally

A

it is the point where the reflected rays APPEAR to diverge from, but no actual light comes from this point

25
Q

in a plane mirror, the image distance s’ is _____ to the object distance s

A

equal to

26
Q

what is a virtual image

A

it is an upright image that appears to be the source of ray divergence

27
Q

what is refraction

A

it is when light continues into a second medium but it bends or changes direction

28
Q

when the incident light passes into a material with a larger index of refraction, what happens to the refracted ray

A

the angle gets closer to the normal

29
Q

when incident light passes into a material with a smaller index of refraction, what happens to the refracted ray

A

it moves away from the normal

30
Q

when does total internal reflection occur

A

when n2<n1, as the incident light angle increases, the refraction angle increases to 90° where it then reaches a critical angle and all light is reflected

31
Q

when is there no total internal reflection

A

when n2> n1

32
Q

A diverging mirror produces what kind of images?

A

only virtual images

33
Q

what is a converging lens

A

it is a rounded lens that causes rays to refract toward the optical axis

34
Q

for a converging lens, all rays that point initially parallel to the optical axis converge at the _______

A

focal point

35
Q

what is the distance of the focal point from the lens called

A

the focal length

36
Q

what is the near focal point

A

it is the point on which the light is incident

37
Q

what is the far focal point

A

opposite side of near

38
Q

for a converging lens, initially parallel rays will

A

refract through the focal point on the far side

39
Q

for a converging lens, a ray initially passing through the focal point will

A

emerge parallel

40
Q

for a converging lens, a ray initially passing through the center in a straight line will

A

continue in a straight line

41
Q

A converging lens with an object outside the focal length (s>f) will create what type of image

A

an inverted real image

42
Q

what are real images

A

points where the rays appear to converge

43
Q

when the magnification is negative

A

the image is inverted, real

44
Q

when the magnification is positive

A

the image is upright, virtual

45
Q

what does it mean if s’ is negative

A

it means the image is on the same side as the object

46
Q

for a converging lens, if an image is on the same side as the object what type of image is it, what is true of s’?

A

it is virtual, s’ is negative

47
Q

what is the shape of a diverging lens

A

it is thinner at its center

48
Q

where is the focal length for converging lenses

A

it is the distance from the lens to the point where parallel rays converge to

49
Q

where is the focal length for a diverging lense

A

it is the distance from the lens to the point where the parallel rays appear to diverge from

50
Q

for a diverging lens, what happens to parallel rays

A

they defract outwards and appear to diverge from the near focal point

51
Q

for a diverging lens, rays that are directed toward the far focal point will

A

emerge parallel

52
Q

for a diverging lens, rays directed at the center of the lens will

A

emerge through in a straight line

53
Q

what types of images do diverging lenses make

A

they only make virtual images

54
Q

what is a converging mirror

A

the parallel rays reflect and appear to converge to a point

55
Q

what is a diverging mirror

A

parallel rays appear to diverge from the focal point behind the mirror

Phys 5B (13 decks)

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