CH 18

Question 1

Aging arises through ___ selection on life ___ traits that influences ___ and ____

Answer 1

natural selection on life history traits that influence survival and reproduction

Question 2

natural selection can increase the frequency of mutations contributing to aging if they also promote fitness earlier in life. This is an example of ___ _____

Answer 2

antagonistic pleiotropy

Question 3

t/f
there are only rare cases of antagonistic pleiotropy in the human genome

Answer 3

false
quite widespread

Question 4

Why don’t we stop eating sweet things when we’re full?

Answer 4

In our ancestors, an attraction to sweetness was adaptive- if they came across fruits/ honey, they would eat as much as they could b/c they might not get that type of food for weeks. Now, this is causing us problems b/c so many sweet foods are available

Question 5

modern life has improved human health in many ways, but it has also uncovered vulnerabilities shaped by ____ ____

Answer 5

natural selection

Question 6

• and others

Answer 6

heart disease
Alzheimer’s disease

Question 7

The modern diet has triggered an explosion of ____ and obesity. Our vulnerability to these disorders may arise from:

Answer 7

diabetes and obesity

ancient adaptations to hunter-gatherer diets

Question 8

The old friends hypothesis holds that immune disorders such as asthma have risen in recent decades due to:

Answer 8

disruptions to the communities of commensal organisms inside our bodies (due to increased sanitization/ way of living)