Ch 17 Phlebotomy Flashcards
The collection of blood
phlebotomy
the collection of an arterial blood specimen
arterial puncture
collection of a venous blood specimen
venipuncture
collection of capillary blood specimen
skin puncture
The most common site for venipuncture is the..
antecubital space
when the blood flows from the tube back into the patient’s vein during the procedure
venous reflux
How to prevent venous reflux
have the patient hold their arm in a downward position
Why do you apply a tourniquet?
to make the veins more visible
correct technique for applying a tourniquet
it should not be on for longer than a minute
what happens when a tourniguet is applied too tight?
you wont get any blood, it’s uncomfortable, you could get inaccurate test results
Separation of blood
separate into serum, a buffy coat, and blood cells
How is serum obtained?
from clotted blood that has been centrifuged
How is whole blood obtained?
by using a tube with an anticoagulant
What gauge needle is used for venipuncture
21 gauge
the size of the tube depends on..
the amount of specimen required for the test
Which tube contains EDTA?
lavender and pink
what does the red tube contain?
nothing
What color tube is used for a CBC
lavender or pink
What color tube is used for prothrombin time test? (PT/INR)
light blue
what color tube is used for a blood chemistry test?
red
What happens if you use an outdated evacuated tube?
it may no longer contain a vacuum
Correct order of draw
Yellow, Blue, Red, Green, Lavender/Pink, Gray
Technique for working with evacuated tubes
invert them
Correct angle of insertion for a venipuncture and why
10 to 15 degrees. An improper angle could cause the needle to go in above or through the vein. You would either not draw any blood or blow through the vein
what causes patient discomfort or pain when performing a venipuncture
moving the needle after inserting it into the vein
Site you would NOT use for venipuncture
scarred, bruised, or burned skin, any areas that are painful, or the same side as a blood pressure cuff or mastectomy
How does a scarred vein feel?
hard and stiff
how do you prevent a vein from rolling?
anchor the vein by applying firm pressure
what do you do if you suspect a vein might collapse?
use the butterfly method to perform the venipuncture
______ could cause the patient to have an adverse reaction to the tube additive, especially if the additive in the tube is _____.
venous reflux, EDTA
what should you do if a sudden swelling occurs in the area around the puncture site
pull the tourniquet, then the tube, pull out the needle gently, then quickly apply PRESSURE
________ occurs when a needle with a small lumen is used
hemolysis
Hemolysis results in..
a breakdown of red blood cells causing inaccurate test results
What’s the priority if the patient begins to fall?
protect the patient from injury
