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Medical Term Quiz 2 > CH 16: Skin terminology > Flashcards

CH 16: Skin terminology Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

epidermis

A

above the skin; outermost layer; thick cellular membrane layer that has keratin

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2
Q

dermis

A

dense, fibrous CT that contains collagen

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3
Q

subcutaneous layer

A

thick, fat containing tissue

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4
Q

basal layer

A

deepest layer of skin ; contain melanocytes

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5
Q

stratum corneum

A

most superficial layer of epidermis

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6
Q

melanin

A

gives color to skin

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7
Q

albinos

A

incapable of forming melanin

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8
Q

collagen

A

fibrous protein material found in bone, cartilage, tendon, ligaments

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9
Q

striae

A

stretch marks

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10
Q

adipocytes

A

fat cells

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11
Q

keratin

A

hard protein

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12
Q

cuticle

A

narrow band of epidermis (layer of keratin) at the base and sides of nail

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13
Q

lunula

A

semilunar (half moon shaped) whitish region at base of nail

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14
Q

paronychium

A

soft tissue surrounding nail border

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15
Q

onycholysis

A

loosening of the nail plate with separation from nail bed

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16
Q

eccrine sweat glands

A

sweat glands in palms and hands

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17
Q

pore

A

tiny opening

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18
Q

apocrine sweat gland

A

dermal exocrine gland located in axilla and genital areas

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19
Q

epithelium

A

layer of skin cells forming outer and inner surface of body

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20
Q

squamous epithelium

A

flat, scale like cells composing the epidermis

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21
Q

stratum corneum

A

outermost layer of the epidermis, which consists of flattened keratinized cells

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22
Q

Tinea pedis

A

athletes foot

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23
Q

crust

A

collection of dried serum and cellular debris

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24
Q

cyst

A

thick walled, closed sac or pouch containing fluid or semisolid material

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25
Q

erosion

A

wearing away or loss of epidermis

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26
Q

fissure

A

groove or crack like sore

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27
Q

macule

A

flat lesion measuring less than 1 cm in diameter

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28
Q

nodule

A

solid, round, or oval elevated lesion 1 cm or more in diameter

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29
Q

papule

A

small (less than 1 cm in diameter) solid elevation of the skin

ie: pimples
- can become elevated in forms of plaques

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30
Q

polyp

A

growth extending from the surface of mucous membrane

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31
Q

pustule

A

papule containing pus

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32
Q

ulcer

A

open sore on the skin or mucous membranes (deeper than an erosion)

33
Q

Decubitus ulcers

A

bedsores caused by lying in one position

34
Q

vesicle

A

small collection (papule) of clear fluid (serum); blister

35
Q

bulla

A

large vesicle

36
Q

wheal

A

smooth, edematous (swollen) papule or plaque that is redder or paler than the surrounding skin
- itching in hives, anaphylaxis, and insect bites

37
Q

alopecia

A

absence of hair from areas where it normally grows

38
Q

alopecia areata

A

autoimmune disease where hair falls out in patches without scarring of inflammation

39
Q

ecchymosis, ecchymoses

A

bluish purplish mark (bruise) on skin

40
Q

petechia, petechiae

A

small, pinpoint hemorrhage

41
Q

pruritus

A

itching

42
Q

purpura

A

bleeding into skin

43
Q

acne

A

chronic papular and pustular eruption of the skin with increased production of sebum

44
Q

blackhead/ comedo/ comedones

A

sebum plug partially blocking pore

45
Q

whitehead

A

completely blocked pore/ comedo

46
Q

cellulitis

A

diffuse, acute infection of the skin marked by local heat, redness, pain, and swelling

47
Q

eczema (atopic dermatitis)

A

inflammatory skin disease with erythematous, papulovesicular, or papalosquamous lesions

48
Q

atopic deratitis

A

rash of eczema

49
Q

exanthem

A

rash

50
Q

exathematous viral diseases

A

rash of skin due to viral infection

51
Q

gangrene

A

death of tissue associated with loss of blood supply

52
Q

impetigo

A

bacterial inflammatory skin disease characterized by vesicles, pustules, and crusted over lesions

53
Q

psoriasis

A

chronic, recurrent dermatosis marked by itchy scaly red plaques covered by silvery gray scales

54
Q

scabies

A

contagious, parasitic infection of skin with intense pruritus

55
Q

scleroderma

A

chronic progressive disease of the skin and internal organs with hardening and shrinking of CT

56
Q

systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)

A

chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease of collage in skin, joints, and internal organs
- butterfly pattern of redness over cheeks and nose

57
Q

tinea

A

infection of skin caused by fungus

58
Q

tinea corporis

A

ringworm

59
Q

tinea pedis

A

athletes foot; fungus infection of skin between toes

60
Q

tinea barbae

A

fungus affect skin underneath beard

61
Q

tinea unguium

A

fungus affect nails

62
Q

urticaria (hives)

A

acute allergic reaction in which red, round wheals develop on the skin

63
Q

vitiligo

A

loss of pigment (depigmentation) in areas of skin (milk white patches)

64
Q

callus

A

increased growth of cells in the keratin layer of the epidermis caused by pressure or friction

65
Q

keloid

A

excess hypertrophied, thickened scar developing after trauma or surgical incision

66
Q

keratosis

A

thickened and rough lesions of the epidermis, associated with aging or skin damage

67
Q

actinic keratosis

A

long term UV exposure, can turn into squamous cell carcinoma

68
Q

seborrheic keratosis

A

benign lesion from overgrowth of upper epidermis and is dark in color

69
Q

leukoplakia

A

white thickened patches on mucous membrane tissue of the tongue or cheek (evolves to squamous cell carcinoma)

70
Q

nevus, nevi

A

pigmented lesion of skin aka moles

71
Q

melanoma

A

skin cancer

72
Q

verruca, verrucae

A 
epidermal growth (wart) caused by virus
- removed with acid, electrocautery or freezing
73
Q

cryosurgery

A

freezing with liquid nitrogen used to destroy tissue

74
Q

basal cell carcinoma

A

malignant tumor of the basal cell layer of the epidermis

- most common skin cancer

75
Q

squamous cell carcinoma

A

malignant tumor of the squamous epithelial cells in the epidermis

76
Q

malignant melanoma

A

cancerous growth composed of melanocytes

77
Q

kaposi sarcoma

A

malignant, vascular, neoplastic growth characterized by cutaneous nodules

78
Q

curettage

A

use of sharp dermal curette to scrape away a skin lesion

79
Q

electrodesiccation

A

tissue is destroyed by burning with electric spark

Medical Term Quiz 2 (9 decks)

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