Ch 16 Digestive System

Question 1

ingestion

Answer 1

process of taking food into the mouth

Question 2

digestion

Answer 2

the process of breaking down nutrients

Question 3

motility

Answer 3

movement of muscles (peristalsis)

Question 4

secretion

Answer 4

release of digested juices

Question 5

absorption

Answer 5

movement through GI into internal environment

Question 6

eliminination

Answer 6

excretion of residue from rectum, through anus. defecation

Question 7

regulation

Answer 7

coordination of digestive activity

Question 8

peristalsis

Answer 8

wavelike contraction of gut wall

Question 9

parotid glands

Answer 9

largest of the salivary gland (lies inf. and ant. to each ear at the angle of the jaw

Question 10

submandibular glands

Answer 10

open into the mouth on either side of the lingual frenulum

Question 11

pharynx

Answer 11

is a tube-like structure made of muscle and lined w/mucous membrane

Question 12

esophagus

Answer 12

connects the pharynx with the stomach

Question 13

sphincter

Answer 13

valve-like rings of muscle tissue. Each end of the esophagus

Question 14

deglutition

Answer 14

swallowing

Question 15

upper esophageal sphincter

Answer 15

helps prevent air from entering the tube during respiration

Question 16

lower esophageal sphincter (aka cardiac sphincter)

Answer 16

prevents backflow of stomach acid

Question 17

chyme

Answer 17

a mix of partically ingested food mixed with gastric juices

Question 18

divisions of the small intestines

Answer 18

duodenum, jejunum and ileum

Question 19

cystic duct leads to the

Answer 19

gallbladder

Question 20

two ducts that make up the common bile duct

Answer 20

hepatic and cystic

Question 21

7 subdivisions of the large intestine

Answer 21

cecum, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum and anus

Question 22

carbohydrate digestion begins in the

Answer 22

mouth

Question 23

protein digestion begins in the

Answer 23

stomach

Question 24

lipids (fat) digestion is done in the

Answer 24

small intestine

Question 25

radiation

Answer 25

flow of heat away from the blood and skin

Question 26

conduction

Answer 26

transfer of heat to the skin then to cooler external environment

Question 27

convection

Answer 27

transfer of heat to cooler air, then continually flow away from skin

Question 28

evaporation

Answer 28

absorption of heat from blood and skin by water (sweat) vaporization

Question 29

aldosterone

Answer 29

increase sodium reabsorbtion

Question 30

amylase

Answer 30

the enzyme that breaks down carbohydrates

Question 31

deficient in B12

Answer 31

pernicious anemia