Ch 16 Flashcards
A cluster of signs and systems is called
Syndrome
A decrease in tone, size, strength as a result of disuse
Atrophy
An area of which an object rests is called the
Base of support
Efficient use of the body is called
Body mechanics
Shortening and tightening of muscle due to disuse
Contracture
The point in which the mass of an object is held
Center of gravity
The position in which we hold our body
Posture
The force exerted against the surface and layers of the skin is
Shearing
A person is not active and acquired signs and symptoms is called
Disuse syndrome
A triangular piece of metal self help device to pull themselves up
Trapeze
Moving a person place to place
Transfer
What is used to prevent food drop. It’s also a foot splint
Foot board
What is the plantar flexion of the foot called
Foot drop
Active in transferring themselves is called
Active transfer
Unable to assist in transferring self is called
Passive transfer
Rolling a patient as one unit is called
Log rolling
What is used for DVT blood clot-dorsiflexes toes and determines the result by whether it is painful or not
Homans sign
When you move away from the midline of the body this is called
Abduction
When you move forward to the midline of the body
Adduction
Which movement is a no no for someone with hip issues
Adduction, infernal & external rotation
What is it called when your up on your tip toes
Plantar flexion
When you keep your toes pointing towards the head
Dorsiflexion
What is it called when you decrease the angle of a joint
Flexion
What is it called when you straighten the point of 180 degrees
Extension
When you turn a limb to the inside of the origin
Internal rotation
When you turn the limp to outside of origin
External rotation
When palms are turned upward
Supination
Turning palms downward
Pronation
Sole of the foot is turned inward
Inversion
Some of foot turned outward
Eversion
Movement in a circle
Circumduction
Amount of movement the joint permits
Range of motion
The patient can do exercises on their own is called
Active exercise
When someone has to do the exercises for the patient it’s called
Passive exercise
How often do you do ROM exercises
Every 8hr
What is the most preventable cause of death
Embolus
What are some symptoms of orthostatic hypotension
Dizziness, pale, clammy, or nauseated
What do you do when someone is resulting of orthostatic hypotension
Assist to a sitting or declining position
Where does the draw sheet need to be placed on a patient before transferring
Under shoulders and below buttocks
If your moving a patient you will pull them closer to you before turning them to the opposite side
Know
If a patient is on a feeding tube their bed should be no less than ___ degrees
30 degrees low Fowler’s
Things to worry about with a immobile patient
Pneumonia, acetalectsis, pulmonary emboli
To use good body mechanics and prevent injury
- Plan
- Elevate your work to a comfortable level
- Keep your feet and should width apart
- Avoid twisting
- Bend your knees not your back
- Hold objects close to your body
- Slide heavy objects rather than lifting
- Get help
This position is for physical examinations, resting in bed and undergoing anesthesia.
PT is laying on their back with arms at the side
Supine
On this position we are concerned for pressure on shoulder, hip, and ankle. Promotes cardiac and lung function. Laying on side, supported on behind back and between knees and ankles with pillow
Lateral
This position is used for rectal exams and for admin enemas. Pt is laying on their side in semiprone position with leg flexed and drawn up toward chest
Sims
In this position we are concerned for shearing. Patient is semi sitting with various degrees of head elevation with knees slightly elevated
Fowler’s
This position is where the head of the bed is elevated 30 degrees
Low Fowler’s
This position the head of the bed is elevated 45 degrees
Semi Fowler’s
This position the head is elevated at 90 degrees
High Fowler’s
In this position we are concerned with patients breathing and not being comfy. You are lying on your stomach with head turned to the side. This position improves oxygenation with acute respiratory distress
Prone
What type of beds are used for stage 3&4 wounds
Specialty beds, air fluidized bed
Which bed is good for pressure reduction and pneumonia
Combination low air loss and lateral rotation bed
The patient who is lying in bed is at risk for UTI because urine can pool in renal pelvis. To prevent this you need to provide
Adequate food intake
Assess pt to urinate In sitting position or males stand
Assess the patients output, they should void at least every 8hr
Know
Three reasons why you should tell patient what your doing
- May be sedated from surgery
- Decreased understanding from a CVA
- Patient is more cooperative
