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CNA > CH. 16 > Flashcards

CH. 16 Flashcards

1
Q

A drug that kills certain microbes that cause infection

A

Antibiotic

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2
Q

The process, procedures, and chemical treatments that kill microbes or prevent them from causing an infection; anti means against and sepsis means infection.

A

Antisepsis

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3
Q

The absence of a disease-producing microbes (sepsis means infection)

A

Asepsis

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4
Q

Items contaminated with blood, body fluids, secretions, or excretions; Bio means life and hazardous means dangerous or harmful.

A

Biohazardous waste

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5
Q

A human or animal that is a reservoir for microbes but does not develop the infection.

A

Carrier

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6
Q

Same as “medical asepsis”

A

Clean technique

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7
Q

A disease caused by pathogens that spread easily; contagious disease

A

Communicable disease

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8
Q

Same as “communicable disease

A

Contagious disease

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9
Q

The process of becoming unclean

A

Contamination

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10
Q

Passing microbes from 1 person to another by contaminated hands, equipment, or supplies

A

Cross-contamination

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11
Q

A liquid chemical that can kill many or all pathogens except spores.

A

Disinfectant

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12
Q

The process of killing pathogens.

A

Disinfection

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13
Q

An infection that develops in a person cared for in any setting where health care is given; the infection is related to receiving health care.

A

Healthcare-Associated infection (HAI)

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14
Q

protection against a certain disease

A

Immunity

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15
Q

A disease state resulting from the invasion and growth of microbes in the body.

A

Infection

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16
Q

Practices and procedures that prevent the spread of infection.

A

Infection Control

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17
Q

Practices used to reduce the number of microbes and prevent the spread from 1 person or place to another person or place; clean technique

A

Medical Aepsis

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18
Q

Other word for micro-organism

A

Microbe

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19
Q

A small (micro) living thing (organism) seen only with microscope; microbe

A

Mircroorganism

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20
Q

A microbe that does not usually cause an infection

A

Non-pathogens

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21
Q

Microbes that live and grow in a certain area

A

Normal Flora

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22
Q

A microbe that is harmful and can cause an infection

A

Pathogens

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23
Q

The environment in which a microbe lives and grows; host

A

Reservoir

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24
Q

A bacterium protected by a hard shell

A

Spore

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25
Q

The absence of all microbes

A

Sterile

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26
Q

A work area free of all pathogens and non-pathogens (including spores)

A

Sterile Field

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27
Q

Same word “surgical asepsis”

A

Sterile Tequnique

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28
Q

The process of destroying all microbes

A

Sterilization

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29
Q

The practices used to remove all microbes; sterile technique

A

Surgical Asepsis

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30
Q

Giving a vaccine to produce immunity against an infectious disease

A

Vaccination

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31
Q

A preparation containing dead or weakened microbes

A

Vaccine

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32
Q

A carrier (animal, insect) that transmits disease

A

Vector

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33
Q

Any substance that transmits microbes

A

Vehicle

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34
Q

The chain of infection

A
  1. Source
  2. Reservoir
  3. Portal of exit
  4. Method of transmission
  5. Portal of entry
  6. Susceptible
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35
Q

AIDS

A

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

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36
Q

CDC

A

Centers for disease control and prevention

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37
Q

Cm

A

Centimeter

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38
Q

EPA

A

Environmental Protection Agency

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39
Q

GI

A

Gastro-intestinal

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40
Q

HAI

A

Healthcare- associated infection

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41
Q

HBV

A

Hepatitis B virus

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42
Q

HIV

A

Human Immunodeficiency virus

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43
Q

MDRO

A

Multi-resistant organism

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44
Q

MRSA

A

Methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus

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45
Q

OPIM

A

Other potentually infectious materials

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46
Q

OSHA

A

Occupational Safety and Health Administration

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47
Q

PPE

A

Personal Protective equipement

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48
Q

TB

A

Tuberculosis

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49
Q

VRE

A

Vancomycin-resistent Enterococci

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50
Q

Types of Microbes

A

Bacteria, Fungi, Protozoa, Rickettsiae, and Viruses

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51
Q

Bacteria

A

Are 1 celled that multiply rapidly. They can cause an infection in any body system.

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52
Q

Fungi

A

Are plant-like organisms that live on other plants or animals. Mushrooms, yeasts, and mold are common fungi. Fungi can infect the mouth, vagina, skin, feet, and other body areas

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53
Q

Protozoa

A

are 1-celled animals. They can infect the blood, brain, intestines, and other body areas

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54
Q

Rickettsiae

A

are found in fleas, lice, lice, ticks, and other insects. They are spread to humans by insect bites. Rocky mountain spotted fever in an example. The person has chills, headache, and rash.

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55
Q

Viruses

A

grow in living cells. They cause many diseases. The common cold, herpes, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, and hepatitis are ex.

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56
Q

Methods of Transmission

A 
Blood, body fluids, secretions, excretions
Animals- mice, etc.
Insects- ticks, etc
Dressings
Direct Contact- kissing, etc
Personal care item
Eating and drinking utensils
Water
Food
Air
Coughing, sneezing, talking, laughing, singing
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57
Q

______ precautions are used for all persons whenever care is given

A

Standard

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58
Q

Means to go against, to keep away, or block

A

repel

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59
Q

What should you do when removing gloves?

A

Make sure that glove touches only glove

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60
Q

When removing a mask, only the ties or elastic bands are touched because?

A

the front of the mask s contaminated

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61
Q

When donning a gown, what is done first?

A

Put on the gloves

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62
Q

When removing PPE, what is done first?

A

remove gloves

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63
Q

If you wear re-usable eye wear and it is contaminated, what should you do?

A

It should be discarded

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64
Q

How are contaminate items identified when sent to the laundry or rash collection?

A

Labeled with Bio-Hazard symbol

65
Q

How are specimens collected in a contaminated room handled?

A

Place specimen container in bio-hazard specimen bag

66
Q

If a resident in Transmission-Based Precautions must be transported to another area, what would all be done?

A

The person wears a mask as required by the Transmission-Based Precautions used, the staff wear gown, mask, and gloves as required, and the staff in the receiving area are alerted so they can wear protective equipment as needed.

67
Q

When a person is in isolation, you can help to meet love, belonging, and self-esteem need when you what?

A

Say “hello” from the doorway often

68
Q

When a child is in isolation, it may be helpful if what happens?

A

The child is given a mask, eye wear, and a gown to touch and play with

69
Q

You can help a person with poor vision, confusion, or dementia to tolerate isolation by?

A

Letting the person see your face before putting on PPE

70
Q

A person with measles, chicken pox, or TB would be isolated with?

A

Airborne Isolation

71
Q

When the person has airborne precautions, you do not need to wear a mask when?

A

the person is not sneezing or coughing

72
Q

When contact precautions are being used, glove are worn when?

A

entering the room or care setting

73
Q

What viruses are bloodborne pathogens?

A

HIV and HBV

74
Q

How can you transmit bloodborne pathogens?

A

Bod fluid, dressings soaked with body fluids, and used needles and suction equipment

75
Q

How do staff members know what to do if exposed to a bloodborne pathogens?

A

The nurse tells them what they need to know

76
Q

HBV vaccine is what?

A

Invloves 3 injections

77
Q

What is not correct work practice control to reduce exposure risks?

A

Breaking contaminated needles before discarding them

78
Q

PPE is what to staff?

A

free

79
Q

Broken glass is cleaned up by?

A

A person specially trained to remove biohazardous materials

80
Q

When discarding regulated waste, the containers are what?

A

Plastic bags are specially labeled

81
Q

If you are working in a home and need to dispose of sharps, you may need to what?

A

Place them in a plastic bag labeled with BIO HAZARD symbol

82
Q

If an exposure incident occurs, what should u do?

A

Observe yourself for any symptoms of the disease

83
Q

If a sterile item touched a clean item, the sterile item is what?

A

contaminated

84
Q

When working with a sterile field, you should what?

A

keep items within your vision and above your waist

85
Q

When arranging the inner package of sterile gloves you should what?

A

have the right glove on the right and the left glove on the left

86
Q

When picking up the first glove, what should you do?

A

pick it by the cuff and touch only the inside

87
Q

Which type of microbe can cause an infection?

A

Bacteria

88
Q

Rickettsiae are transmitted to humans by

A

A reservoir

89
Q

In order to live and grow, all microbes require

A

A reservoir

90
Q

_____ become pathogens when transmitted from their natural site

A

Normal flora

91
Q

Multidrug resistant organisms are organisms that

A

Can resist the effects of antibiotics

92
Q

What is not a sign of infection?

A

Constipation

93
Q

An older person is at higher risk for infection because of changes in

A

The immune system

94
Q

The source of infection is

A

A pathogen

95
Q

In the chain of infection, a portal of exit can be

A

Blood

96
Q

Healthcare associated infections often occur when

A

Hand washing is poor

97
Q

The practice that keeps equipment and supplies free of all microbes is

A

Surgical technique

98
Q

To prevent the spread of microbes

A

Sterilize all equipment

99
Q

When washing hands, you should

A

Keep hands lower than the elbows

100
Q

Clean under the fingernails by rubbing you fingers against you palms?

A

Each time you wash your hands

101
Q

To avoid contaminating your hands, turn off the faucets

A

With clean paper towels

102
Q

An alcohol based hand rub may be used to decontaminate your hands

A

After contact with the intact skin

103
Q

You can prevent the spread of microbes in the home by

A

Using a disinfectant to clean surfaces in the bathroom

104
Q

Older persons with dementia rely on others to protect them from infection because they

A

Are more resistant to infection

105
Q

When cleaning contaminated equipment wear

A

PPE

106
Q

Organic material is removed form re usable items with

A

A rinse in cold water

107
Q

A good cheap disinfectant to use in the home is

A

White vinegar solution

108
Q

If you use boiling water to sterilize items in the him, you should

A

Boil the items for atleast 10 minutes depending on elevation

109
Q

Isolation precautions are used for

A

As a method to prevent communicable diseases

110
Q

Standard precautions are used

A

For all persons whenever care is given

111
Q

When you are working in a room with isolation precautions, you use paper towels to

A

Turn faucets off

112
Q

Practice hand hygiene

A

After removing gloves

113
Q

If you are allergic to latex gloves, you should

A

Wear latex free gloves

114
Q

When you wear a gown for isolation precautions, the contaminated areas are

A

The gown front and sleeves

115
Q

When you remove gown and gloves worn for isolation precautions, what step is done first

A

Turn the gown inside out as it is removed

116
Q

PPE is worm when enter a room?

A

Depending on what task, procedures, and care measures you will do

117
Q

True/false. You may need more than 1 pair of gloves for a task?

A

True

118
Q

What means go against, to keep away, to block?

A

Resist

119
Q

When do you have little immunity?

A

when you’re a baby

120
Q

What is a microbe?

A

a microorganism

121
Q

What is a human or animal that is a reservoir for microbes but does not develop the infection?

A

a carrier

122
Q

What is any substance that transmits microbs?

A

a vehicle

123
Q

What is RM?

A

rabid motion- it’s when your eyes flutter while sleeping

124
Q

What is a pathogen?

A

it causes a disease

125
Q

What is a non-pathogen?

A

not able to cause a disease

126
Q

What won’t kill spores?

A

disinfectant

127
Q

What does sterilization do?

A

It will kill everything 100%, including all non-pathogens, pathogens, and spores

128
Q

Boiling water, radiation, liquid or gas chemicals, dry heat, and steam under pressure are all what?

A

sterilization measures

129
Q

What is a pressure steam sterilizer?

A

autoclave

130
Q

What can you not sterilize?

A

Rubber or plastic items

131
Q

The CDC guidelines had 2 tiers which are?

A

Standard precautions and transmission-based precautions

132
Q

What precaution is used for all persons whenever care is given?

A

Standard Precautions

133
Q

Which precaution reduces the risk of spreading pathogens and risk of spreading known and unknown infections?

A

Standard Precautions

134
Q

What does Bio mean?

A

Life

135
Q

What does Hazard mean?

A

dangerous

136
Q

What are transmission based precautions?

A

Contact, droplet, airborne

137
Q

What is transmission based precaution are commonly called what?

A

Isolation precautions

138
Q

Transmission based precautions require what?

A

PPE

139
Q

What is PPE?

A

Personal Protective Equipment?

140
Q

What does PPE contain?

A

gloves, gowns, masks, and goggle or fave shield

141
Q

What does the gown prevent?

A

Microbes

142
Q

What does gown protect?

A

Protects your clothes and body from contact with blood, body fluid secretions, and excretions

143
Q

Where should a gown cover?

A

from your neck to your knees

144
Q

What parts of the gown is considered contaminated?

A

the front and sleeves

145
Q

Gowns are used how many times?

A

once

146
Q

Why do you wear disposable mask for?

A

Protection from contact with infectious materials from the person, when assisting with sterile procedures, protects the person from infectious agents carried in your mouth or nose.

147
Q

A wet or moist mask is what?

A

contaminated

148
Q

Goggles and face shields protect what?

A

your eyes, mouth, and nose from splashing or spraying blood, body fluid, secretions and excretions

149
Q

What is DONNING?

A

putting on

150
Q

What is DOFFING?

A

taking off

151
Q

What s used to separate you from the patient?

A

gloving

152
Q

What are the steps for putting on PPE?

A

Put on gown, put on mask or respirator, googles or face shield, and gloves

153
Q

What are the two types of garbage in the hospital?

A

Normal and Biohazard

154
Q

What does aseptic practices do?

A

break the chain of infection

155
Q

What happens to non disposable items?

A

they are cleaned and then disinfected, they are sterilized by the supply department

156
Q

Blood, body fluids, secretions, and excretions are all what?

A

organic matter

157
Q

Hepatitis is located in the what?

A

liver

158
Q

Hepa means what?

A

liver

CNA (1 decks)

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