Ch: 15 (Psychological Disorders) Flashcards
Inability to appreciate the nature and quality or wrongfulness of one’s acts
Insanity
Behavior that is deviant, maladaptive, or personally distressful over a relatively long period of time
Abnormal behavior
Doesn’t conform to accepted social standards
Deviant (Not normal)
Finds behavior/thinking troubling
Personal Distress
Impact ability to adapt
Maladaptive
Normal and abnormal behavior alike may involve biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors
The Biopsychosocial Model
Suggests preexisting (such as genetics, personality disposition, experience) may put a person at risk of developing a psychological disorder
Vulnerability-stress hypothesis (Diathesis stress model)
Book that defines clinical psychology
DSM (Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders)
What edition is the most recent DSM
5th
How many disorders and categories in the DSM?
400 disorders and 20 categories
A class of psychological disorders that typically appear in childhood and are traced to genetic differences, atypical brain development, or prenatal exposure to substances that adversely affect development
Neurodevelopment Disorders
Disorder involving persistent deficits in social communication and social interaction across a variety of settings as well as restrictive repetitive behaviors, interests, and activities (no specific cure)
Autism Spectrum Disorder
Prefer not to be cuddled
Inability to speak (communication problems)
Obsessive interest in one topic
Inability to navigate social world
Hand flapping
Sensitivity
Autism Symptoms
A common psychological disorder in which the individual exhibits one or more of the following (Inattention, Hyperactivity, Impulsivity) One of the most common disorders
Attention-deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
Tendency to wander off, lack of persistence, and a difficulty sustaining focus
Inattention
Excessive activity when inappropriate
Hyperactivity
Taking action without planning or thinking
Impulsivity
Treatment for ADHD
Stimulant meds (Increases dopamine) or non-medical (Sports, meditation, exercise, tutoring and academic support)
Psychological state in which one feels disconnected from immediate experience
Dissociation
A dissociative disorder characterized by extreme memory loss that is caused by extensive psychological stress (Trauma)
Dissociative Amnesia
A dissociative disorder that is most dramatic but least common. May have two or more distinct personalities. Characterized by a high rate of sexual or physical abuse during childhood.
Dissociative Brain Disorder (DID)
Diffuse, vague, highly unpleasant feeling of fear and apprehension
Anxiety
Disabling psychological disorders involving fears that are uncontrollable, disproportionate to the actual danger the person might be in, and disruptive of ordinary life
Anxiety disorder
Anxiety disorder marked by persistent anxiety for at least six months, nervous most of the time and worry a great deal. Cannot specify the reason for the anxiety
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
An anxiety disorder in which one experiences recurrent, sudden onset of intense terror; often without warning and with no specific cause
Panic Disorders
Palpitations, chest pains, shortness of breath, trembling, sweating, helplessness feeling
Panic attack
An anxiety disorder in which an irrational, overwhelming, persistent fear of a particular object or situation. So dreaded that one goes to almost any length to avoid it.
Specific phobia
An anxiety disorder in which an individual has an intense fear of being humiliated or embarrassed in social situations
Social Anxiety Disorder
Psychological disorder that develops through exposure to a traumatic event, such as war; Beverly oppressive situations such as holocaust; abuse, as in physical, emotional or sexual abuse (Event that has overwhelmed one’s ability to cope)
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
Psychological Disorder in which the individual has anxiety-provoking thoughts that will not go away and/or urges to perform repetitive, ritualistic behaviors to prevent or produce some future situation
Obsessive Compulsive Disorders (OCD)
Psychological disorders in which one suffers from depression - an unrelented lack of pleasure in life
Depressive Disorder
Psychological disorder involving a significant depressive episode and depressed characteristics, such as lethargy and hopelessness for at least 2 weeks
Major Depressive Disorder
Depressed mood, Reduced interest, weight loss, trouble sleeping or sleeping too much, loss of energy, Feeling worthless
Major Depressive Disorder Symptoms
Less extreme depressive mood for over 2 months
Persistent depressive disorder
Hopelessness, lack of energy, cognitive problems, and sleep problems
Persistent Depressive Disorder symptoms
Psychological disorder characterized by extreme mood swings that include one or more episodes of mania
Bipolar Disorder
Impulsive, euphoric, high energy, little sleep
Manic
Extreme Manic Episodes (May experience hallucinations)
Bipolar 1
Milder Version (less euphoric)
Bipolar 2
A severe psychological disorder that is characterized by highly disordered thought processes; individuals may be referred to as psychotic because they are far removed from reality
Schizophrenia
Psychological state in which a person’s perceptions and thoughts are fundamentally removed from reality
Psychosis
Reflect something added above normal behavior
-Hallucinations, Delusions, thought disorder, referential thinking, movement disorders
Schizophrenia positive disorders
Reflect social withdrawal, behavioral deficits, and a loss/decrease of function. Flat Affect, Cognitive symptoms.
Schizophrenia negative symptoms
