Ch 15 organic compounds Flashcards
what type of bonds do carbons create?
max of 4 covalent bonds that are short and strong
define catenation
ability of a C to bond to C
heteroatoms
atoms other than C and H, usually N and O but also P and S
reactivity of C-C
EN valences equal, nonploar, unreactive
reactivity of C-H
short bond, nearly non polar, largely unreactive
reactivity of C-O
highly polar change in EN=1 with O e- rich and C e- poor
Reactive and easy to break
reactivity of C-heteroatoms
heteroatoms are generally large so regardless of EN, chains are long and easy to break
define functional group
specific combo that reacts in a characteristic manner
- this is where reactions of organic compounds occur
Types of hydrocarbons
alaphatic and aromatic
types of alaphatic hydrocarbons
alkanes, cycloalkanes, alkenes, alkynes
What are alkanes
hyrdocarbons with ONLY single bonds
alkane formula
Cn+H(2n+2)
in alkanes, how are carbons hybridized?
sp3
define saturated hydrocarbons
When Carbon is bonded to the max
When naming, what does the root identify?
of Cs in longest continuous chain
