Ch 15 ID of the nervous system

Question 1

How to distinguish HIV aseptic meningitis from encephalitis and meningoencephalitis?

Answer 1

alertness and cognition are preserved in HIV aseptic meningitis

Question 2

What type of organisms cause mucormycosis?

Answer 2

fungi (mucor, rhizopus, rhizomucor). Septated or nonseptated hyphae are seen on histopathologic specimens

Question 3

What are the main clinical manifestations of HIV associated dementia? (2)

Answer 3

Progressive cognitive decline and prominent psychomotor dysfunction

Question 4

Pathologic findings in HIV associated dementia involves what parts of the brain?

Answer 4

Subcortical region involvement and the cerebral cortex is relatively spared

Question 5

Is HIV associated dementia caused by opportunistic infections?

Answer 5

No, the etiology of this condition is the retrovirus itself, rather than an opportunistic infection.

Question 6

How can HIV-associated dementia be prevented?

Answer 6

By adequate early treatment of HIC with HAART, with goals of attaining higher CD4 counts/suppressing the virus