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Phys/Assess > Ch. 15 Eyes > Flashcards

Ch. 15 Eyes Flashcards

1
Q

The protective layer on the outside of the eye.

A

Cornea

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2
Q

The lacrimal apparatus irrigates the eye by producing _______?

A

Tears

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3
Q

Innervates the lateral rectus muscle, which abducts the eye.

A

Cranial Nerve VI: abducens nerve

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4
Q

Innervates superior oblique muscle.

A

Cranial Nerve IV: trochlear nerve

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5
Q

Innervates all the rest: the superior, inferior, and medial rectus and the inferior oblique muscles.

A

Cranial Nerve III: oculomotor nerve

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6
Q

Conjugate movement

A

When the eyes move together.

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7
Q

Tests the 6 cardinal positions of gaze for muscle weakness during movement, nystagmus, or lid lag.

A

Diagnostic positions test.

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8
Q

Uncontrolled movements of the eye.

A

nystagmus

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9
Q

Three concentric coats

A

Outer coat – sclera & cornea
Middle coat – choroid, pupil, lens, and the anterior & posterior chamber
Inner coat - retina

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10
Q

Tough, protective, white covering.

A

Sclera

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11
Q

Part of refracting media of eye, bending incoming light rays so that they will be focused on inner retina

A

Cornea

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12
Q

Contact with a wisp of cotton stimulates a blink in both eyes.

A

Corneal Reflex

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13
Q

Carries afferent (inward) sensation into the brain.

A

Cranial Nerve V: Trigeminal

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14
Q

Carries efferent (outward) messages that stimulate blinking.

A

Cranial Nerve VII: Facial

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15
Q

Prevents light from reflecting internally and delivers blood to the retina.

A

Choroid

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16
Q

The diaphragm of the eye.

A

Iris

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17
Q

Dim light and far vision

A

Pupil dilates

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18
Q

Bright light and near vision

A

Pupil contracts

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19
Q

Sclera & Cornea

A

Outer coat

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20
Q

choroid, pupil, lens, and the anterior & posterior chamber

A

Middle coat

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21
Q

Retina

A

Inner coat

22
Q

round and regular; size determined by balance between parasympathetic and sympathetic chains of autonomic nervous system

A

Pupil

23
Q

Which cranial nerve causes contriction?

A

Cranial Nerve III: Oculomotor

24
Q

Pupils dilate, increased HR, relaxed bladder, decreased peristalsis

A

Sympathetic nervous system response

25
Q

Pupils constricted, decreased HR, bladder constricted, peristalsis normalized

A

Parasympathetic nervous system response

26
Q

Biconvex disc located just posterior to the pupil

A

Lens

27
Q

Clear, watery liquid in the eye

A

aqueous humor

28
Q

The visual receptive layer of eye where lightwaves change into nerve impulses.

A

Retina

29
Q

Can be viewed through the ophthalmoscope.

A

optic disc, retinal vessels, general background, macula.

30
Q

The area in which fibers from retina converge to form optic nerve.

A

Optic Disc

31
Q

Located on the temporal side of fundus

A

Macula

32
Q

How does the retina see an image?

A

upside down and reversed.

33
Q

A reflex direction of eye toward an object attracting a person’s attention.

A

Fixation

34
Q

Normal constriction of pupils when bright light shines on the retina. It is a subcortical reflex arc. No conscious control.

A

Pupillary light reflex

35
Q

Adaption of the eye for near vision.

A

Accommodation

36
Q

Macula is absent at birth but matures by _____ months.

A

8

37
Q

Consistency of the eye changes from:

A

soft plastic at birth to rigid glass in old age.

38
Q

Eyes can move together

A

Binocularity

39
Q

Lens loses elasticity, becoming hard and glasslike, decreasing the ability to change shape to accommodate near vision.

A

Presbyopia

40
Q

Opacity of the lens, resulting from a clumping of proteins in the lens.

A

Cataracts

41
Q

Increased intraocular pressure. Creates tunnel vision.

A

Glaucoma

42
Q

The most common type of glaucoma

A

open-angle glaucoma

43
Q

Breakdown of cells in macula of retina. Loss of central vision.

A

Age-related macular degeneration.

44
Q

Leading cause of blindness in adults ages 25-75.

A

Diabetic retinopathy

45
Q

Risk Factors for Glaucoma

A

older age, black or hispanic heritage, DM, FHx of glaucoma.
Additional r/f smoking, hyperopia, light iris color, HTN, hypercholesterolemia, female gender.

46
Q

Considered a medical emergency

A

retinal detachment

47
Q

Used to measure visual acuity

A

Snellen eye chart

48
Q

Legally blind

A

20/200

49
Q

Also known as the Hirschberg test

A

Corneal Light reflex
reflection of the light should be on the same spot in each eye.

50
Q

In infants, permanent iris color is differentiated by:

A

6-9 months

51
Q

A localized staph infection

A

Hordeolum (stye)

Phys/Assess (4 decks)

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