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Software Configuration > Ch. 15 > Flashcards

Ch. 15 Flashcards

1
Q

What command is used in a batch file to signify a comment (words that describe what the script is doing)?

A

#

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2
Q

When writing a script, what does the >= relational operator mean?

A

Greater than or equal to

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3
Q

T/F: Each scripting language has its own syntax and commands.

A

True

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4
Q

Which type of variable tells the computer where to find a specific program?

A

Environment

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5
Q

The ____ _______ is the starting point for all Windows directories.

A

root directory

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6
Q

A student has opened the command prompt Windows window and the prompt is as follows: C:\Users\Cheryl>

The technician types CD..

What is the result of issuing this command?

A

The prompt changes to C:\Users>.

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7
Q

Why would a technician use a script?

A

To automate a task or set of tasks

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8
Q

When considering logic, which operator returns a FALSE only if both sides of the expression are false?

A

OR

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9
Q

What command is used to list the contents of a Windows directory?

A

dir

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10
Q

Command used to bring up the System Information window from a command prompt. The System Information window contains details about hardware and hardware configurations as well as software and software drivers.

A

msinfo32 command

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11
Q

A Windows command used to control and use a remote computer; brings up the Remote Desktop Connection utility.

A

mstsc command

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12
Q

net command

A

From a prompt, the net command manages almost everything on a network. It is followed by other options, each of which has different parameters.

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13
Q

net use

A

From a prompt, the net use command is used to map a network share to a drive letter or view mapped drives on a Microsoft-based machine.

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14
Q

net user

A

From a prompt, the net user command is used to create, delete, or make changes to user accounts from a command prompt on a Microsoft-based machine.

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15
Q

net stat command

A

A command that can view current network connections and the local routing table for a PC.

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16
Q

NOT operator

A

Flips the result of an expression so that if an expression is true, it will return false and vice versa; if the expression is false, it will return true.

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17
Q

nslookup

A

A Windows troubleshooting command that displays network domain names and their associated IP addresses.

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18
Q

OR operator

A

Returns false if and only if both sides of the expression are false.

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19
Q

In programming or scripting, the result, which could be a screen, a value, a computation, a printed document, and so on.

A

output

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20
Q

Used in programming and scripting to tell a program where to find the files that it may need.

A

PATH variable

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21
Q

A network troubleshooting command used to test TCP/IP communications and determine whether a network path is available, whether any delays exist along the path, and whether a remote network device is reachable. Use it with the private IP address 127.0.0.1 (IPv4) or ::1 (IPv6) to test a NIC’s basic network setup.

A

ping

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22
Q

A good language for writing scripts because it is easy to learn and they can be run on most operating systems. The extension .py is used with its files.

A

Python

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23
Q

A Windows command used to remove a directory (folder).

A

rd

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24
Q

rd

A

A Windows command used to remove a directory (folder).

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25
An operator that compares one side of an expression to another and is used in scripts.
Relational Operator
26
Repetition (Loop)
In a repetition (or loop) structure, a loop contains a block of statements that is executed repeatedly.
27
robocopy
A command used to copy files. It has more parameters than COPY or XCOPY.
28
root directory
The starting place for all files on a disk. A hard drive is limited to 512 entries. The designation for a hard drive's root directory is C:\.
29
The starting place for all files on a disk. A hard drive is limited to 512 entries. The designation for a hard drive's ______ ________ is C:\.
root directory
30
script
A small program written in one of several scripting languages that is designed to do a specific task.
31
Selection
A selection (or decision) structure consists of a test condition together with one or more groups (or blocks) of statements. The result of the test condition determines which block of statements will be executed.
32
One of the three basic programming constructs. It means that code executes one instruction at a time, in the _______ the code is written.
Sequence
33
services.msc
A command that brings up the Services snap-in Computer Management tool so that you can start and stop services.
34
sac command
A command used to start the System File Checker utility, which verifies operating system files.
35
A text file that contains a sequence of commands for a Linux/Unix-based system. They may not run correctly on a Windows system. Its file extension is .sh.
Shell Script
36
String
A basic data type that is simply a string of characters.
37
A directory contained within another directory. Also called subfolders.
Subdirectory
38
A set of symbols and rules used to create instructions. Every scripting language has its own.
Syntax
39
taskkill
A command used to halt a process or task.
40
text file
A file where each byte represents one character of ASCII code. Scripts are all text files.
41
A Windows command line network troubleshooting command that displays the path a data packet takes through a network, thus allowing you to see where a fault occurs in larger networks. Compare with traceroute, used in macOS and Linux.
Tracert command
42
Variable
In scripting, the name of a storage location in the computer's internal memory. The value of the variable is the contents at that memory location. It is called a variable because the value can change (vary) as the program runs.
43
VBScript
A scripting language designed specifically for use with Microsoft Internet Explorer. A VBScript file has the extension .vbs.
44
While Loop
In scripting, a type of loop that begins with the keyword while along with a test condition. If the condition is true, the loop begins, and the block of statements in the loop repeats until the condition is no longer true.
45
A special character used at the command prompt when typing commands. The ? character is used to designate "any" for a single character place, whereas the * character denotes any characters from that place forward.
Wildcard
46
xcopy
A command that transfers files from one place to another in the command prompt environment.
47
.. (navigation command)
From a Windows command prompt, the two dots (..) represent the parent directory.
48
.js
A file extension used with JavaScript files.
49
.ps1
A file extension used for a PowerShell script.
50
.sh
An extension used with a shell script or a text file that has a sequence of commands for a Unix-based system.
51
.vbs
file extension for VBScript files
52
AND operator
Used with two or more conditions and returns true only if all expressions are true.
53
character that can be a letter of the alphabet (uppercase or lowercase), a digit from 0 through 9, or a punctuation mark or symbol, such as @, #, or !.
Alphanumeric Character
54
attrib
A command that designates a file as hidden, archived, read-only, or a system file.
55
Batch file
A Windows-based script that can only be interpreted by the Windows operating system. A batch file has the extension .bat.
56
A function used and associated with a particular operation when creating tasks within PowerShell.
cmdlet
57
Command
A command issued from the Run utility in Windows to bring up a command prompt window.
58
command /?
A command issued from the Run utility in Windows to list commands and options that are available for that particular command. Replace command with a particular command, such as dir /?.
59
Otherwise known as a prompt, a text-based environment in which commands are entered.
Command prompt
60
Otherwise known as a prompt, a text-based environment in which commands are entered.
command switch
61
In a script, a comment is used to explain what some part of the code does, but it is ignored by the computer when running the script.
comment
62
A function used in scripting to evaluate two values.
comparison operator
63
Software that must be turned into machine language before it can execute.
compiled program
64
A situation in scripting in which two test conditions are contained in a single statement.
compound condition
65
construct
In the 1960s, scientists proved that all programming code can be done using three constructs: sequence, selection (or decision), and repetition (or loops).
66
A command used from a command prompt to transfer one or more files from one place to another.
copy
67
A decision (or selection) structure consisting of a test condition together with one or more groups (or blocks) of statements. The result of the test condition determines which block of statements will be executed.
decision structure
68
declaration
To create a variable in a script, it must be declared. The exact syntax of how to do this is known as a variable declaration.
69
A command issued from a command prompt that deletes a file or folder.
del
70
A command used from a command prompt that displays the contents of a directory.
dir
71
Directory
In older operating systems, an electronic container that holds files and even other directories. Today's operating systems use the term folder.
72
A command-based utility used in preparing hard disk partitions and volumes for use.
diskpart
73
A Window utility used to repair and prepare Windows images.
dism (Deployment Image Servicing and Management)
74
Environment variable
A variable that describes the environment in which a program runs. It contains a name and a value, where the value is the path to the program identified by the variable name.
75
A method in scripting used to compare two values.
equality operator
76
A method in scripting used to compare two values.
Equals operator
77
Explorer
A Windows-based application that details certain information for all folders and files on each drive. It is used most commonly to copy or move files and folders. Sometimes called Windows Explorer or, in recent versions of Windows, File Explorer.
78
Floating-point number
Numbers that can be written in the form x÷y, which means they are numbers that include a decimal value, even if that value is 0. For example, the number 7 is an integer, but the number 7.0 is a floating-point number.
79
for loop
A shorthand way to write a while loop.
80
A command that prepares a disk for use.
format
81
A command that displays Group Policy settings. A Group Policy determines how a computer is configured for both system and user (or a group of users) settings.
gpresult
82
A command used to refresh local and Active Directory–based Group Policy settings.
gpupdate
83
A command used to list all of the available commands.
help
84
The process in which a variable in a script is given an initial value.
initialization
85
A method used to put data into a device or program.
input
86
Code that is carried out one line at a time.
interpreted program
87
A command used from a command prompt in Windows to view the current IP configuration settings.
ipconfig
88
iteration
A programming loop that consists of a block of statements that are executed repeatedly for a specific number of times or until a specific condition is met.
89
javascript
A programming language that can be run on any operating system. Creating and running command line JavaScript requires installing Node.js. The extension that identifies a JavaScript file is .js.
90
A set of characters that is an instruction in a particular programming or scripting language.
keyword
91
Used in scripting to allow for two or more conditions to be tested in one statement. Examples of include AND, NOT, and OR.
Logical operator
92
In scripting, a method of repeating something.
loop
93
loop structure
In a loop (or repetition) structure, a loop contains a block of statements that is executed repeatedly.
94
A command issued from a command prompt that creates a directory (folder) or subdirectory.
md
95
MMC (Microsoft Management Console)
A Windows container for management tools. The one already built is known as the Computer Management console. Holds tools such as Device Manager, Disk Management, Local Users and Groups, Event Viewer, Task Scheduler, Performance, Shared Folders, and Services. mmc is also the command used from a command prompt to open the Microsoft Management Console.
96
msconfig
A system configuration utility command that allows an administrator to enable or disable services, access control panel links, and control applications.
97
Command used to bring up the System Information window from a command prompt. The System Information window contains details about hardware and hardware configurations as well as software and software drivers.
msinfo32
98
Commands are used in what two environments?
(1) in a command prompt environment when the GUI tools do not or cannot correct a problem and (2) when using a scripting environment to deploy the operating system and/or updates to multiple computers.
99
important commands to know:
dir, cd, .., ipconfig, ping, tracert, netstat, nslookup, shutdown, dism, sfc, chkdsk, diskpart, taskkill, gpupdate, gpresult, format, copy, xcopy, robocopy, net use, net user, [command name] /?, msconfig, regedit, command, services.msc, mmc, mstsc, msinfo32, and dxdiag.
100
What is a script? What do system administrators use scripts for? Why is the ability to create and use scripts valuable?
a small computer program designed to do a specific task. System administrators use scripts for task automation and configuration management. The ability to create and use scripts is valuable because scripts save time, ensure consistency in the execution of tasks, and allow for flexibility in responding to various conditions.
101
Scripting languages discussed in this lesson include...?
batch files, shell scripts, VBScript, PowerShell, Python, and JavaScript.
102
What are the building blocks of scripting?
include variables and data types
103
All scripts are written using three basic programming constructs:
sequence, selection, and repetition.
104
What are some methods used to stay current in the IT field?
associations, magazines, classes, books, and peers.
105
Identify the program and file extension for each of the following script file types: batch files, PowerShell, VBScript, shell scripting, Python, and JavaScript
batch files (.bat), PowerShell (.ps1), VBScript (.vbs), shell scripting (.sh), Python (.py), and JavaScript (.js).

Software Configuration (1 decks)

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