Ch. 15 Flashcards
1
Q
Late Medieval Period Italy
A
- 13th & 14th century
- Christianity flourished during this period
- brought new views of life
- emphasized belief & personal relationship with God
2
Q
Europe in 15th Century
A
- new economic cysteine emerging (new credit & exchange systems)
- created economic network of enterprising European cities
- banking system
- Flemish entrepreneurs establish 1st international commecrcial stock exchange in Antwerp
- Bruges: wealthiest city in 15th c.
- Flanders: not independent state but a reign under the control of the Duke of Burgundy
- Duke of Burgundy: ruler of the fertile east-central region of France
- *Adoption of oil-based pigment**
3
Q
Arena Chapel
A
- Giotto
- painted entire biblical story of Holy Family
1) Virgin parents
2) Virgin
3) Jesus - paintings have 3-dimensional quality
- sense of depth and space
- *figures posses a heroic stillness**
4
Q
Oi Paint
A
- early 1400s oil paint became widespread
- comes from Northern European painting
- apply many thin layers using long brush strokes
- can mix colors on canvas
- create richer colors & give illusion of glistening surfaces
- artists aimed for cheaper charity of detail
- build up deep tones through repeated layers
- oils dry more slowly so you can rework areas
- reflects natural light and gives surface glow to create rich visual effect
5
Q
Triptych
A
3 panels that open up and have hidges to allow it to open/close
- closed painting
6
Q
The Ghent Alterpiece (open)
A
- Jan Van Eyck
Upper Register
- crown at God’s feet
- left: Virgin
- right: John the Baptist
- far side panels: Adam/Eve/choir of angels
- inscriptions above Mary & St. John & the Lord
- *Alterpiece amplifies theme of salvation**
- even though humans see Adam & Eve as sinful, they will be saved becuase God will sacrifice his own son for their sake
Lower Register
- center panel: saints arrive from 4 corners of earth (proceed to alter of amb & fountain of life)
- lamb: symbol of sacrificed Son of God
- heart bleeds into chalice with fountain spills pure river of water of life, proceeding out of the throne of God & the Lamb
- right: 12 apostles & martys in red robes walk in
- left: prophets
- *Alterpiece celebrate the whole Christian cycle from the fall of man to the redemption, presenting the Church triumphant in heavenly Jerusalem
7
Q
The Ghent Alterpiece (closed)
A
- outside panels: depict the donors
- middle panels: doorway to Heaven
- sense of depth/proportion (figures are too big)
- annunciation
- sculptures: represent Ghent’s patron saints: John the Baptist & John the Evangelist
- arched panels (top): Old Testament prophets: Zachariah & Micah among with mythological female prophets
8
Q
Polyptych
A
Multipanel alterpiece with hinges to ope and close
- public
- Ghent Alterpiece
9
Q
Disguised symbolism
A
Elements that have a particular meaning
10
Q
Robert Campin
A
Merode Altarpiece
- private & public
- altarpiece for household prayer
- integration of religious & secular concerns
- central panel: angel telling Mary she will have son
- left panel: Joseph building mousetrap
- Floating Jesus (top middle panel): so small because symbol of light & hope
- Mary’s pregnancy is first to have light & hope
- 3 lilies: Trinity (Father, Son, Holy Spirit)
- candle: presence of God (divine light is there)
- *religious subject mater is in everydday**
- *no proportions/not accurate**
- *paying attention to detail!**
11
Q
Jan Van Eyck
Giovanni Arnolfini and His Bride
A
- outside: fruit tree
- fur coat to show his wealth
- on top of mirror: “Van Eyck was here”
- marriage: I witnessed…
- interpretation: business man trying to get ahead (intrusting wife to business)
- based on details within work itself
- religious presence in mirror with medallions
- color red symbol of wealth
- oranges symbolize wealth to purchase them
- chandelier with one candle symbol of presence of God
- dog symbol of fidelity
- shoes symbol gift to future bride
