Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Chem ch. 15 & 16 test > Ch. 15 & 16 test > Flashcards

Ch. 15 & 16 test Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Periodic Table flashcards Chemistry 101 flashcards AP® Chemistry flashcards Organic Chemistry 101 flashcards
1
Q

chemical equilibrium

A

occurs when a reaction and its reverse reaction proceed at the same rate.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Kc

A

= (concentration of products) / (concentration of reactants)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Kp

A

= (pressure of products)/
(pressure of reactants )

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

the equilibrium constant depends on…

A

stoichiometry

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Kp=

A

Kc(RT)^Δn

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Δn

A

=(moles of gaseous product)-(moles of gaseous reactants)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

If K»1

A

reaction favors products

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

If K«1

A

the reaction favors reactants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

homogenous equilibria

A

occurs when all reactants and products are in the same place

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

heterogeneous equilibria

A

occur when a component in the equilibrium is in a different phase.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Q<K

A

nature will make the reaction proceed to products (right)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Q=K

A

reaction is in equilibrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Q>K

A

nature will make the reaction proceed to reactants (left)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

add more reactants

A

shift tor products

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

remove reactants

A

shift to reactants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

add more product

A

shift to reactants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

remove products

A

shift to products

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Higher volume or lower pressure favors the side of the equation with

A

more moles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Lower volume or high pressure favors the side of the equation with

A

less moles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Endothermic

A

heat acts like a reactant; adding heat drives a reaction towards products. K increases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Exothermic

A

heat acts like a product; adding heat drives a reaction toward reactants. K decreases.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Catalyst

A

has no effect on the system at equilibrium it just helps you get their faster. Lowers activation energy.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

inert substance non reactive

A

will not affect the equilibrium state

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

inert substance reactive

A

will shift

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Arrhenius acid rule

A

is a substance that when dissolved in water increases the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Arrhenius base rule

A

is a substance that, when dissolved in water, increases the concentration of hydroxide ions (OH-)

27
Q

Bronsted-lowry acid

A

is a proton donor, must have at least one removable proton

28
Q

Bronsted-lowry base

A

proton acceptor, must have at least one nonbonding pair of electrons

29
Q

Lewis acid

A

electron pair acceptor

30
Q

Lewis base

A

electron pair donor

31
Q

conjugate acid-base pair

A

an acid and a base that differ by H+

32
Q

the stronger the acid

A

the weaker the conjugate base

33
Q

the weaker the acid

A

the stronger the conjugate base

34
Q

the stronger the base

A

the weaker the conjugate acid

35
Q

the weaker the acid

A

the stronger the conjugate base

36
Q

water in the presence of acid

A

it acts like a base

37
Q

water in the presence of base

A

it acts as an acid

38
Q

equilibrium expression for auto-ionization is

A

Kc=[H3O+][OH-]

39
Q

if an aqueous solution is neutral

A

[H+]=[OH-]

40
Q

if an aqueous solution is acidic

A

[H+]>[OH-]

41
Q

if an aqueous solution is basic

A

[H+]<[OH-]

42
Q

strong acids

A

HCl, HBr, HI, HNO3, H2SO4, HCl3, and HClO4.
exist totally as ions in aqueous solutions

43
Q

strong bases

A

soluble hydroxides, which are alkali metal and heavier alkaline earth metal hydroxides.

44
Q

weak acids

A

only partially dissociate to ions
[H+]eq=[HA]init

45
Q

strong acids

A

completely dissociate to ions
[H+]eq<[HA]init

46
Q

Percent ionization=

A

(concentration of equilibrium)/
(Concentration of initial) x100

47
Q

polyprotic acid

A

have more than one acidic proton

48
Q

Kw=

A

KaxKb

49
Q

cation can be

A

acidic or neutral

50
Q

anion can be

A

acidic, basic, or neutral

51
Q

Anions of strong acids

A

are neutral

52
Q

Anions of weak acids

A

are conjugate bases

53
Q

Protonated anions when Ka>Kb

A

acidic

54
Q

Protonated anions when Ka<Kb

A

basic

55
Q

if the salt contains an anion and cation that do not react with water

A

the pH is neutral

56
Q

if the salt contains an anion that reacts with water and a cation that does not

A

the pH is basic

57
Q

If the salt contains a cation that reacts with water and an anion that does not

A

the pH is acidic

58
Q

if the salt contains both an anion and a cation that react with water

A

the larger K values determines pH

59
Q

Factors that affect acid strength

A

Bond polarity
bond strength
stability of the conjugate acid

60
Q

Binary acids

A

consist of H and one other element

61
Q

oxyacids

A

consist of H,O, and one other element which is a nonmetal

62
Q

as the oxidation number increases

A

the acidity increases

63
Q

carboxylic acid

A

are organic acids containing the -COOH group

Chem ch. 15 & 16 test (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions