Ch 14: Nutrients Promoting Body Tissue Growth

Question 1

Amino acids are…

Answer 1

the organic building blocks from which proteins are made.

Question 2

Non-essential amino acids are…

Answer 2

ones that are produced in the body.

Question 3

Essential amino acids are…

Answer 3

those that can only be obtained from protein food sources.

Question 4

Complete proteins…

Answer 4

contain all essential amino acids in adequate amounts needed to support growth.

Question 5

Incomplete proteins…

Answer 5

lack required amounts of one or more essential amino acids.

Question 6

Complementary proteins

Answer 6

Proteins with offsetting missing amino acids that can be combined to form a complete protein.

Question 7

Supplementary protein

Answer 7

A complete protein mix resulting from the combination of a a small amount of a complete protein with an incomplete protein to provide all essential amino acids

Question 8

Minerals

Answer 8

Inorganic chemical elements that are required in the diet to support growth, repair tissue, and regulate body functions.

Question 9

Collagen

Answer 9

A protein that forms the major constituent of connective tissue, cartilage, bone, and skin.

Question 10

Hemoglobin

Answer 10

The iron-containing, oxygen-carrying pigment in red blood cells.

Question 11

Iron-deficiency anemia

Answer 11

A failure in the oxygen transport system caused by too little iron.

Question 12

Which nutrient class functions to build tissues and provide energy?

Answer 12

Protein

Question 13

Lysine

Answer 13

An essential amino acid

Question 14

Iron

Answer 14

The mineral component of hemoglobin

Question 15

Calcium

Answer 15

The major mineral component of bones and teeth.

Question 16

Which food group supplies the greatest amounts of calcium?

Answer 16

Milk group

Question 17

Which food group is rich in iron?

Answer 17

Meat and Beans group

Question 18

Which nutrient class helps to regulate body processes and build body tissue?

Answer 18

Minerals

Question 19

Water comprises what percentage of normal adult body weight?

Answer 19

60%

Question 20

Why is an infant’s and toddler’s need for protein greater than that of an adult’s?

Answer 20

Infant and toddler protein needs are greater because they are experiencing an extremely rapid rate of growth.

Question 21

Three non-dairy sources of complete protein are…

Answer 21

meat, fish, and poultry. Soybeans are also a source but, in large amounts, interfere with iron absorption.

Question 22

Water comprises what percentage of an infant’s body weight?

Answer 22

70-75%

Question 23

Why are children at risk for developing iron deficiency anemia?

Answer 23

Iron is not widely distributed in foods and its absorption is affected by the presence of other minerals. Also, iron-containing foods may be more costly to purchase.

Question 24

Examples of incomplete proteins are…

Answer 24

grains, legumes, and dry beans

Question 25

Growth is defined as…

Answer 25

an increase in physical size of either the entire body or any part thereof.

Question 26

Growth occurs in two ways…

Answer 26

1) an increase in the number of cells, and 2) an increase in the size of individual cells.