Ch 14/ Lab 12; Nervous Tissue

Question 1

Nerves

Answer 1

PNS bundles of axons

Question 2

Tracts

Answer 2

CNS bundles of axons

Question 3

Types of Nervous tissue

Answer 3

1. Neurons (electrically excitable)
2. Glial cells(not)

Question 4

Neuron cell parts

Answer 4

• cell body
• dendrites
• Axon hillock
• axon
• synaptic terminals

Question 5

Neuron FUNCTIONAL classes

Answer 5

1. SENSORY (afferent): sensory receptors to CNS
2. MOTOR (efferent) : CNS to muscles/glands
3. INTERNEURONS: in CNS, comms. Btwn sensory & motor

Question 6

Neurons; STRUCTURAL classification

Answer 6

• according to # of processes

1. Unipolar
2. Bipolar
3. Multipolar

Question 7

4 major brain regions

Answer 7

• Cerebrum
• Cerebellum
• Brainstem
• Diencephalon

Question 8

Brain wrinkle parts

Answer 8

Gyri: multiple of gyrus, aka folds
Sulci: plural Sulcus depression btwn folds

Question 9

Organization of Neural tissue

GRAY MATTER

Answer 9

Houses motor neuron & interneuron cell bodies, dendrites, telodendria, UNmyelinated axons
-Forms Cerebral Cortex (outer brain)
- Forms cerebral nuclei , deep (in white matter) clusters of neuron cell bodies

Question 10

Organization of neural tissue

WHITE MATTER

Answer 10

• myelinated axons
• deep to cortex gray matter

Question 11

Brain support & protection (4)

Answer 11

• Bony cranium
• Meninges (protective connective tissue)
• CSF (cerebrospinal fluid)
• Blood-brain barrier

Question 12

Diencephalon parts

Answer 12

-Thalamus
-Hypothalamus
- interthalamic adhesion
+epithalamus?

Question 13

Brainstem parts

Answer 13

• Midbrain
• Pons
• Medulla oblongata

Question 14

Cranial meninges functions

Answer 14

• separate brain from bones of cranium
• protect blood vessels of brain; form some large veins that drain blood from brain
• contain/circulate cerebrospinal fluid

Question 15

Layers of cranial meninges

Answer 15

1. Pia mater - thin, innermost, adhered to brain
2. Arachnoid mater - resembles spiderweb
   
   • sub arachnoid space btwn pia and arachnoid
3. Dura mater - Tough outer layer; 2 sub layers
   
   • inner meningeal layer
   • outer periosteal layer

Question 16

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

Answer 16

Defined: clear liquid that circulates in ventricles & subarachnoid space

Question 17

CSF functions

Answer 17

• Buoyancy; brain floats in CSF
• Protection; liquid cushion
• Environmental stability; CSF transports nutrients + removes waste from brain

Question 18

Cerebral lobes

Answer 18

1. Frontal
2. Parietal
3. Temporal
4. Occipital
5. Insula

Question 19

Insula primary function

Answer 19

Interpretation of taste; memory

Question 20

Frontal lobe primary function

Answer 20

-

Question 21

Parietal primary function

Answer 21

-

Question 22

Temporal primary function

Answer 22

-

Question 23

Occipital primary function

Answer 23

-