Ch 14 L3 quiz Flashcards
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A measure of how hot or cold something is; specifically a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in an object.
Temperature
An instrument that measure and indicates temperature.
thermometer
The temperature at which molecular energy is at a minimum (0 K on the Kelvin scale or -273.16 C) on the Celsius scale.
Absolute zero
The energy transferred between objects that are at different temperatures.
Heat
The energy of transfer as heat through a material
thermal Conduction
The movement of matter due to differences in density that are caused by temperature variation.
Convection
The vertical movement of air currents due to temperature variations.
convection currents
The quantity of heat required to raise a unit mass of homogeneous material 1 K or 1 C in a specified way given constant pressure and volume.
specific heat
A material used to cool an area or an object to a temperature that is lower than the temperature of the environment.
Refrigerator
A machine that transforms heat into mechanical energy or work.
Heat engine
AT in specific problems means
TF-TI
Specific heat equation
E= cMAT
Units for specific heat
J/KG × K
t = (Tf - 32) / 1.8
Celcius equation
On the Kelvin scale water boils at
375
Water freezes at ______ on the Celsius scale?
0
What is normal human body temperature on the Fahrenheit scale?
98.6
Temperature is the measure of
average kinetic energy of molecules in a substance
A slower particle has a lower energy than an identical, faster particle. True or false
True
It is possible to reach absolute zero
False
When thermal energy is added to a substance, the substance’s particles move:
More rapidly at an increased diestance from each other.
Heat transfer by conduction occurs when…
particles bump into each other
Heat transfer by convection occurs when
large numbers of atoms move from place to place
Heat travels from the sun to the earth by the process of.
Radiation
A substance with a high specific heat:
Requires a lot of energy to become hot.
Thermal energy always moves:
From a high temperature object to a lower temperature object.
Energy cannot be greater nor destroyed only transferred as work, heat, or both
1st law of thermodynamics
Heat always moves from an area of lower temp to an area of higher temp
2nd law of thermodynamics
does not resist energy transfer
insulator
Absorbing energy
evaporation(liquid-gas)
melting(solid-liquid)
sublimation(solid-gas No liquid phase)
Releasing energy
condesation( gas-liquid)
freezing(liquid-solid)
deposition(gas-solid no liquid phase)
how much energy does it take to higher the temp of a substance
specific ( physical property of matter)
