Ch 14: ERG Conversion in Mito and Chloro

Question 0

The Four Compartments of Mitochondria and Roles:

Answer 0

Matrix:

Intermembrane Space:

Inner Membrane: E-Transport Chain, H+ Gradient, ATPase.. Folded into”cristae”

Outer Membrane: Super high in “porin proteins” - acts like a sieve.

Question 1

Where are Mitochondria located?

Answer 1

Mitochondria are located near sites of high ATP utilization.

Question 2

Mitochondria ATP synthesize overview: steps

Answer 2

Pyruvate and FA enter from cytosol

pyruvate and FA combine to form acetyl CoA

Acetyl CoA enters CA cycle - CO2 and NADH

NADH donates electron to E-transport chain and becomes NAD+

E-transport chain pumps out H+

ATP synthase utilizes H+ gradient to ADP + Pi –> ATP

Question 3

Redox Potential: ??

Strong Reducing Agent:

Strong Oxidizing Agent:

Answer 3

Redox Pot = Measure of Tendency of Mol couple to gain e-

St Red Ag = e- donor = (-) delta E
St Ox Ag = e- acceptor = (+) d E

Question 4

Three Proteins that make up the Electron Transport Chain

Answer 4

NADH dehydrogenase complex

Cytochrome b-c1 complex

Cytochrome oxidase complex

Question 5

ETC is a series of ____ that transfer _____ from a more ____ to a more _____, while pumping ____ out of the _____ into the _____.

Answer 5

Electron Chain Molecules

Electrons

Negative redox potential

Positive redox potential

protons

mitoplasm

perimitochondrial space

Question 6

Redox potential (increases/decreases) along the ETC

Answer 6

.

Question 7

Name the compartments of the chloroplasts

Answer 7

Stroma
Granum
Thylakoid

Question 8

What are the two types of photosynthesis reactions and where do they take place?

Answer 8

1) Light-dependent reactions (Occur on the thylakoid membranes)
2) Light-independent reactions (occur in the stroma)

Question 9

Two Types of Photosynthesis

What do they use? What do they make? What do they do?

Answer 9

Light-dependent uses NADP and ADP+Pi to produce NADPH and ATP (uses light to cleave H2O into O2)

Light-independent rxns use NADPH and ATP to produce NADP and ADP+Pi (CO2 –> 3 carbon compound –> glucose/AA/FA)

Question 10

Glycolysis Net RXN

Answer 10

C6H12O6 + 2ADP + 2Pi + 2NAD+ –> 2Pyruvate + 2ATP + 2NADH + 2H+ 2H2O

Question 11

Pyruvate Decarboxylation

Answer 11

Pyruvate converted into acetyl CoA in the mitochondria matrix

Question 12

Citric Acid Cycle

Answer 12

Acetyl CoA –> NADH + FADH2 + CO2

Question 13

Oxidative Phosphorylation

Answer 13

Electrochemical gradient caused by NADH and FADH2 oxidation provides energy for ATP synthase to phosphorylate ADP into ATP.

Question 14

How do the two photosystems work together and where are they located?

Answer 14

(Light Dependent RXNs)

The photosystems are located in the thylakoid membranes.

photosystem II absorbs a photon splitting water into O2 and passes electrons through acceptors that generate ATP

photosystem I receives electrons from photosystem II… Passes electrons through acceptors: NADH+ –> NADPH

Question 15

Light-independent RXNs

Answer 15

Carbon Fixation Cycle aka Calvin Cycle

Uses: 3 ATP 2NADPH for each CO2

Uses CO2 and H2O to make organic molecules**