Ch 14

Question 0

Biogeochemical cycles

Answer 0

Cycling of a chemical substance in an ecosystem in which the chemical spends part of the cycle in the biological matter of organisms and some part of the cycle in geological matter such as rocks

Question 1

Bioaccumulation

Answer 1

Also known as biological magnification refers to increasing the accumulation of a Non biodegradable substance in organisms at higher trophies levels in an ecosystem

Question 2

Biological magnification

Answer 2

Progressive accumulation of a non biodegradable substance in the tissues of consumers at higher tropic levels

Question 3

Biomass

Answer 3

Total mass of organic matter present in all living things in a given space with an ecosystem, biomass will vary depending on environmental conditions prevailing in the ecosystem

Question 4

Carbon cycle

Answer 4

Cyclic process of exchange of carbon containing matter between the various parts of the biosphere

Question 5

Carnivores

Answer 5

Organisms that kill and eat animals

Question 6

Cellular respiration

Answer 6

Process of converting chemical energy of food into a form usable by cells typically atp

Question 7

Chemical energy

Answer 7

Potential energy stored in substances that becomes available when certain types of chemical reactions occur

Question 8

Chemosynthetic

Answer 8

Refers to autotrophic bacteria that use energy from chemical reactions to synthesise organic matter from inorganic matter

Question 9

Cold seep

Answer 9

Region of ocean floor where the methane and other gases bubble from the sub surface

Question 10

Detritroves

Answer 10

Organisms that eat particles of organic matter found in soil and water

Question 11

Ecological pyramids

Answer 11

Diagrammatic representation of aspects of trophic levels in an ecosystem such as pyramid of numbers a pyramid of biomass and pyramid of energy

Question 12

Ecosystems

Answer 12

Biological comprising the community living in a discrete the non living surroundings and the interactions occurring within the community and between the community and its surroundings

Question 13

Energy

Answer 13

Any non material agent that can cause matter to change such as chemical energy and mechanical energy

Question 14

Energy flow

Answer 14

Flow of chemical energy through an ecosystem can be shown by food chains and food webs

Question 15

Food chains

Answer 15

One kind of representation to show chemical energy flow within an ecosystem beginning with producers

Question 16

Food webs

Answer 16

One kind of representation of energy flow in an ecosystem, a food web comprises interrelated food chains

Question 17

Gross primary production gpp

Answer 17

Chemical energy produced in the form of organic matter by producer organisms over a given period of time

Question 18

Guano

Answer 18

Consolidated excreta of fish

Question 19

Herbivore

Answer 19

Organisms that eats living plants or parts of them

Question 20

Kinetic energy

Answer 20

The energy of motion including heat energy and energy of moving objects

Question 21

Limiting factors

Answer 21

Environmental that restricts the type of organism that can survive ina any given habitat

Question 22

Net primary production

Answer 22

Amount of chemical energy in organic matter stored by producers and available as food to consumers

Question 23

Nitrogen cycle

Answer 23

Cyclic process of exchange of nitrogen containing matter between various parts of the biosphere

Question 24

Nonbiodegradable

Answer 24

Refers to a substance that cannot be excreted or broken down b y organisms

Question 25

Persistent

Answer 25

Refers to substances that cannot be excreted or broken down by living organisms

Question 26

Phosphorous cycle

Answer 26

Movement of phosphorous within an ecosystem involving the presence of the element in the organic matter of living organisms and in soil and in rocks

Question 27

Photosynthetic

Answer 27

Refers to autotrophic organisms, typically plants, algae and some bacteria that use the energy of the sunlight to make organic compounds from inorganic substances sauce as carbon dioxide and water

Question 28

Phytoplankton

Answer 28

Tiny photosynthetic organisms that float on or near the surface of a body of water

Question 29

Potential energy

Answer 29

Stored energy including the chemical energy of compounds

Question 30

Primary consumer

Answer 30

Herbivores that obtain chemical energy by consuming organic matter made by producers

Question 31

Producer

Answer 31

Photosynthetic organisms and Chemosynthetic bacteria that if, given a source of energy can build organic matter from simple inorganic matter

Question 32

Productivity

Answer 32

Rate of production of organic matter, typically as a result of producers in a given area over a given period of time

Question 33

Pyramid of biomass

Answer 33

Diagram of that recorded the total dry organic matter of organisms at each trophic level in a given area of an ecosystem

Question 34

Pyramid of energy

Answer 34

Giant am that shows the amount of energy input at each trophic level in a given area of an ecosystem over an extended time

Question 35

Pyramid of numbers

Answer 35

Diagram that shows the number of organisms at each trophic level per unit area of an ecosystem

Question 36

Radiant energy

Answer 36

Kind of wave energy which includes x Rays, ultraviolet rays and most importantly sunlight

Question 37

Secondary consumers

Answer 37

Organisms that obtain energy chemical energy by eating primary consumers

Question 38

Tertiary consumer

Answer 38

Organisms that consume the organic matter of secondary consumers

Question 39

Tropic level

Answer 39

Refers to the feeding level of organisms in an ecosystem

Question 40

Upwelling

Answer 40

Large scale movement of cold nutrient rich ocean water from the depths to the surface

Question 41

Water cycle

Answer 41

Cyclic process by which water moves between parts of the biosphere