Ch. 13 Rules Of Heredity Flashcards
What is an Allele?
Special case of the feature
Colors of paints
What is a gene?
DNA that codes for a protein
General feature
(Paint)
What is a dominant allele?
It suppresses the other allele from expressing itself
What is a recessive allele?
The allele that is suppressed
What is a genotype?
Set of alleles
2alleles make up a gene
What is a phenotype?
The physical characteristics, appearance
Homozygous Dominant?
YY both alleles are dominant
Homozygous Recessive?
yy both alleles are recessive and represented by lowercase letters
Heterozygous?
Yy both alleles are different
What is a pure line?
Must be either homozygous dominant or homozygous recessive
Who is Gregor Mendel?
Monk
Worked with pea plants, and how genes are passes on to the next generation
What is the Blending Theory?
Offspring are the “average” of their parents
Height/ skin color
What is the Particulate Theory?
Parents pass down particles that may influence each other
Dominant and recessive alleles
What does Mendel’s first law state?
Law of Segregation
2 alleles of a gene separate during the formation of gametes so that each gamete has only 1allele of a given gene
What is a gamete?
Sex cell