Ch 13 - Gram-Positive Bacilli

Question 1

Bioterrorism attacks designed to cause widespread ________________ disease is a real threat if laboratory stores are not closely guarded and monitored.​

Answer 1

Anthrax

Question 2

Bacilli are ________ shaped bacteria that are typically Gram-positive.

Answer 2

Rod

Question 3

Listeria monocytogenes is an __________________ pathogen which grows in macrophages and epithelial cells.

Answer 3

Intracellular

Question 4

Pregnant women of _______________ ethnicity have a higher incidence of listeriosis infection due to consumption of unpasteurized dairy products.​

Answer 4

Hispanic

Question 5

Clostridium perfringens causes a serious myonecrosis more commonly called ___________________.​

Answer 5

gas gangrene

Question 6

Which spore-forming bacteria cause gastroenteritis with vomiting due to emetic toxins and severe diarrhea due to enterotoxins that have cytotoxic effects?

Answer 6

Bacillus cereus

Question 7

Which Clostridium bacteria may cause an iatrogenic infection following treatment for spasticity or hyperhidrosis?​

Answer 7

C. botulinum

Question 8

Which disease is commonly associated with dented or bulging cans of food?

Answer 8

Botulism

Question 9

Which bacteria are commensals found in the vagina which naturally inoculate a fetus during vaginal delivery and aid in the breakdown of colostrum and breast milk?​

Answer 9

Lactobacillus

Question 10

Serious, sometimes fatal healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are caused primarily by lack of proper hand hygiene allowing the spread of:​

Answer 10

C. difficile

Question 11

Any microbial agent or protein capable of inhibiting the growth of or killing bacteria.

Answer 11

Bacteriocins

Question 12

Molecules of a substance attracted to and held on the surface of another substance rather than permeating as in an absorbed substance.

Answer 12

Adsorbed

Question 13

An inflammatory reaction to generalized sepsis involving all body organs, often fatal.

Answer 13

Systemic Shock

Question 14

Yellowing of the skin or conjunctiva of the eye due to excess bilirubin in the blood.

Answer 14

Jaundice

Question 15

Loss of muscle function, tone, and reflexes as seen in “floppy baby syndrome” from infant botulism.

Answer 15

Flaccid paralysis

Question 16

A spasm of the masseter muscles of the face often referred to as lockjaw and seen in tetanus infections.

Answer 16

Trismas

Question 17

The process of removing or extracting internal structures or organs as in the abdomen or rupture of the membranes of the eye

Answer 17

​Evisceration

Question 18

Relating to an untoward or adverse effect caused by medical treatment.

Answer 18

Iatrogenic

Question 19

Microbes which use dead or decaying substances as their nutritional source

Answer 19

Saprophytes

Question 20

Microbiome

Answer 20

The aggregate community or population of microorganisms found in the body or specific body systems.

Question 21

Clostridium difficile bacteria are easy to identify under the microscope because their shapes resemble chicken or turkey drumsticks.​

Answer 21

False

Question 22

Certain spore-forming bacilli are used as biological test indicators during surgical instrument sterilization processes.

T/F

Answer 22

True

Question 23

Inhalation anthrax is the most dangerous and deadly form of anthrax

Answer 23

True

Question 24

The botulinum toxin causes paralysis of the diaphragm by stimulating massive release of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine at the synaptic junctions

T/F

Answer 24

False

Question 25

Listeriosis is the third leading cause of death by food poisoning in the U.S.

T/F

Answer 25

True

Question 26

The antibiotics bacitracin and polymyxin are produced from species of Bacillus.

T/f

Answer 26

True

Question 27

The primary reason Clostridium difficile is a dangerous pathogen in the healthcare setting is due to its high level of antibiotic resistance.​

T/f

Answer 27

False

Question 28

Infants should not be given honey, corn syrup, or peanut butter to prevent potential infection by neonatal tetanus

Answer 28

False

Question 29

Spastic paralysis is a state of constant excitatory synaptic activity manifested in tetanus infections

T/f

Answer 29

True

Question 30

Opisthotonos is the dissemination of fibrosis throughout the lungs seen in cases of inhalation anthrax

T/f

Answer 30

False