Ch. 13 Glycolysis

Question 1

Enzyme that catalyzes Glucose+ATP to glucose-6-phosphate (1)

Answer 1

Hexokinase

Question 2

An enzyme that transfers a phosphoryl group from ATP to another substance.

Answer 2

Kinase

Question 3

Enzyme that catalyzes glucose-6-phosphate to fructose-6-phosphate (2)

Answer 3

Phosphoglucose Isomerase

Question 4

Enzyme that catalyzes Fructose-6-phosphate+ATP to Fructose-1,6 bisphosphate (3)

Answer 4

Phosphofructokinase-1

Question 5

Feedback inhibitor of Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate production (3), which works by binding to bacterial phosphofructokinase and causing it to assume a conformation that hinders fructose-6-phosphate binding

Answer 5

Phosphoenolpyruvate

Question 6

Most potent activator of phosphofructokinase-1 (3). Synthesized from fructose-6-phosphate by the enzyme phosphofructokinase-2

Answer 6

fructose-2,6-bisphosphate

Question 7

Enzyme that catalyzes Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate to Dihydroxyacetone phosphate and Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (4)

Answer 7

Aldolase

Question 8

Molecules that stabilize the T form (=TOO bad), which have low affinity for its substrate (makes enzyme not work as well)

Answer 8

Allosteric Inhibitors

Question 9

Molecules that stabilize the R form (RUN better), which have a high-affinity for its substrate

Answer 9

Allosteric Activators

Question 10

Enzyme mechanism in which a covalent bond forms between the catalyst and the substrate during formation of the transition state

Answer 10

Covalent Catalysis

Question 11

Irreversible Steps in Glycolysis

Answer 11

Hexokinase, Phosphofructokinase, and Pyruvate Kinase (1, 3, 10)

Question 12

The activation of a later step in a reaction sequence by the product of an earlier step; ex. ructose-1,6-bisphosphate activates pyruvate kinase at an allosteric site

Answer 12

Feed-Forward Activation

Question 13

Glycogen is phosphorolyzed to yield glucose-1-phosphate.

Answer 13

Glycogenolysis

Question 14

Oxidative pathway that converts glucose-6-phosphate to ribose-5-phosphate and generates NADPH

Answer 14

Pentose phosphate pathway

Question 15

Step 1 Reaction

Answer 15

Glucose+ATP –> Glucose-6-phosphate + ADP

Question 16

Step 2 Reaction

Answer 16

Glucose-6-phosphate –>Fructose-6-phosphate

Question 17

Step 3 Reaction

Answer 17

Fructose-6-phosphate+ATP–>Fructose-1,6 bisphosphate

Question 18

Step 4 Reaction

Answer 18

Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate –> Dihydroxyacetone phosphate + Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

Question 19

Enzyme that catalyzes Dihydroxyacetone phosphate to Glyceraldheyde-3-phosphate (5)

Answer 19

Triose phosphate isomerase

Question 20

Step 5 Reaction

Answer 20

Dihydroxyacetone phosphate–>Glyceraldheyde-3-phosphate

Question 21

Enzyme that catalyzes Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate + NAD+ to 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate + NADH + H+ (6)

Answer 21

Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenas

Question 22

Step 6 Reaction

Answer 22

Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate + NAD+ to 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate + NADH + H+ (6)

Question 23

Enzyme that catalyzes 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate + ADP to 3-phosphoglycerate + ATP (7)

Answer 23

Phosphoglycerate Kinase

Question 24

Step 7 Reaction

Answer 24

1,3-bisphosphoglycerate + ADP–>3-phosphoglycerate + ATP

Question 25

Enzyme that catalyzes 3-phosphoglycerate to 2-phosphoglycerate (8)

Answer 25

Phosphoglycerate Mutase

Question 26

Step 8 Reaction

Answer 26

3-Phosphoglycerate –> 2-phosphoglycerate

Question 27

Enzyme that catalyzes 2-phosphoglycerate to phosphoenolpyruvate + H2O (9)

Answer 27

Enolase

Question 28

Step 9 Reaction

Answer 28

2-phosphoglycerate –> phosphoenolpyruvate + H2O

Question 29

Enzyme that catalyzes phosphoenolpyruvate +ADP to pyruvate + ATP

Answer 29

Pyruvate Kinase

Question 30

Step 10 Reaction

Answer 30

Phosphoenolpyruvate +ADP –>pyruvate + ATP