ch 12 test Flashcards
How did the use of machine guns change the nature of warfare during World War I?
It gave a tactical advantage to defensive forces
What effect did Germany’s unrestricted submarine warfare against Britain have on the balance of power in World War I?
The United States entered the conflict, siding with the Allied Powers against Germany.
How did trench warfare affect soldiers during World War I?
It led to higher casualties and poor conditions for soldiers.
Why did President Wilson ask Congress to declare war on Germany in 1917 despite his earlier efforts to keep the United States out of World War I?
. He was concerned about the German aggression outlined in the Zimmermann Note.
Which factor helped pull so many European nations into the outbreak of World War I?
the elaborate system of alliances
Which was a “pull” factor for African Americans during the Great Migration?
economic opportunities in the North
How did World War I affect the U.S. economy?
It encouraged the increased production of food and materials.
Why were so many Americans opposed to the Espionage Act?
It compromised the freedom of the press by banning seditious texts.
How did the demand for workers in the United States affect Mexicans?
Many Mexicans migrated to the western United States to work on farms and ranches.
Which opportunity did W.E.B Du Bois believe the war might offer to African Americans?
to demonstrate the loyalty and patriotism of African Americans
What role did General Pershing want the American Expeditionary Forces to play during World War I?
to remain independent of other Allied forces
What happened during the Battle of Argonne Forest?
German forces lost to determined U.S. forces against the odds.
Why did Allied leaders reject many of President Wilson’s ideas at the Paris Peace Conference?
The Allied leaders did not support Wilson’s idea of “peace without victory” and wanted to weaken Germany.
Why did the “reservationists” oppose Article 10 of the Treaty of Versailles?
They feared that it could lead the United States into war without the consent of Congress.
How did the Fourteen Points address the policy of isolationism?
It rejected isolationism in favor of more open diplomacy.
What was the economic situation like for Americans right after the war?
Farm prices fell, and industrial wages were low.
Why did Henry Ford institute the “five-dollar day, forty-hour week”?
Ford thought that by giving his workers more money and time they could become his customers.
What effect did installment buying have on the U.S. economy?
The economy grew as Americans purchased goods that, without installment buying, they would have had to have saved for years to afford.
What effect did mass transportation have on cities and surrounding suburbs?
Suburbs grew as workers used mass transportation to travel to jobs in the city.
What was the purpose of time-study analysis in the automobile industry?
to minimize the amount of time it took to manufacture an automobile
How did President Harding’s policies compare to those of President Wilson?
Harding opposed many of Wilson’s Progressive reforms and worked to roll back those policies.
What was the effect of the Teapot Dome scandal?
Many Americans felt that the government had betrayed their trust.
How did President Harding’s “return to normalcy” encourage economic growth?
It favored a return to traditional laissez-faire economics.
What was the purpose of the Dawes Plan?
to enable Germany to pay war reparations to Britain and France
