Ch 12 schizophrenia

Question 1

what is psychosis

Answer 1

loss of contact with reality

Question 2

prevalence of schizophrenia

Answer 2

1 in 100 people, men and women are equal

Question 3

positive symptoms

Answer 3

delusions, disordered thinking, inappropriate affect, and hallucinations

Question 4

delusions

Answer 4

beliefs that are not rooted in reality

Question 5

disordered thinking

Answer 5

derailment, word salad, neologisms, preservation, clang

Question 6

inappropriate affect

Answer 6

not able to read someones mood

Question 7

hallucinations

Answer 7

unreal perceptual experiences

Question 8

auditory hallucinations

Answer 8

hearing

Question 9

tactile hallucinations

Answer 9

touch

Question 10

somatic hallucinations

Answer 10

inside body

Question 11

olfactory

Answer 11

smell

Question 12

gustatory

Answer 12

taste

Question 13

delusions of persecution

Answer 13

they want to hurt me

Question 14

delusions of grandeur

Answer 14

i am god/ invincible

Question 15

delusions of reference

Answer 15

false beliefs that random occurrences affect the person

Question 16

delusions of control

Answer 16

someone/something is controlling my thoughts

Question 17

alogia

Answer 17

reduction or absence of speech

Question 18

flat affect

Answer 18

reduction or absence of emotional responses to their environment

Question 19

anhedonia

Answer 19

loss of pleasure

Question 20

avolition

Answer 20

lack of motivation

Question 21

negative symptoms

Answer 21

alogia, flat affect, anhedonia, avolition, social withdrawal

Question 22

psychomotor symptoms

Answer 22

catatonic stupor, catatonic rigidity, catatonic posturing, catatonic excitement

Question 23

catatonic stupor

Answer 23

motionless and silent

Question 24

catatonic rigidity

Answer 24

upright posture

Question 25

catatonic posturing

Answer 25

odd postures

Question 26

catatonic excitement

Answer 26

waving arms and legs

Question 27

brief psychotic disorder

Answer 27

less than 1 month

Question 28

schizophreniform

Answer 28

1 to 6 months

Question 29

schizophrenia

Answer 29

6+ months

Question 30

schizoaffective

Answer 30

schizophrenia plus a depressive or manic episode

Question 31

delusional disorder

Answer 31

non-bizarre delusions lasting more than a month

Question 32

shared psychotic disorder

Answer 32

AKA folie a deux, delusion develops from a relationship with another person who has the delusion

Question 33

type I

Answer 33

positive symptoms, 80%

Question 34

type II

Answer 34

negative symptoms, 20%

Question 35

genetic studies

Answer 35

identical twin studies 48%, fraternal 17%, adoption studies, chromosome defects

Question 36

dopamine hypothesis

Answer 36

schizophrenia results from excessive activity of dopamine

Question 37

dopamine hypothesis support

Answer 37

-taking too much L-dopa produces schizophrenia symptoms -removing dopamine reduces symptoms -amphetamine psychosis

Question 38

dopamine hypothesis challenges

Answer 38

second-generation antipsychotics block other neurotransmitter receptors suggesting not just dopamine is the issue

Question 39

abnormal brain structures

Answer 39

enlarged ventricles (fluid-filled cavities)

Question 40

brain circuits

Answer 40

abnormal high/low interconnectivity in: prefrontal cortex-hippocampus-amygdala-thalamus-striatum-substania-nigra PHAT SSN

Question 41

viral exposure

Answer 41

born in late winter which means exposure to flu season as an infant or fetus

Question 42

expressed emotion

Answer 42

families who are overinvolved, over protective and critical

Question 43

traditional antipsychotic

Answer 43

treat positive symptoms but not negative

Question 44

traditional antipsychotic side effects

Answer 44

sedation, constipation, extrapyramidal, tardive dyskinesia, neuroleptic malignant syndrome

Question 45

tardive dyskinesia

Answer 45

involuntary face and mouth movements

Question 46

neuroleptic malignant syndrome

Answer 46

life-threatening reaction to anti-psychotics

Question 47

atypical antipsychotics

Answer 47

helps with positive and negative symptoms, fewer extrapyramidal side effects and less tardive dyskinesia

Question 48

atypical antipsychotics side effects

Answer 48

agranulocytosis-life threatening change in white blood cells modest change in quality of life

Question 49

cognitive therapy

Answer 49

recognize and challenge delusions and hallucinations, view them as symptoms and not reality

Question 50

behavioral therapy

Answer 50

operant conditioning, modeling, token economies

Question 51

social interventions

Answer 51

increase effective social support, support groups, learn problem-solving

Question 52

family therapies

Answer 52

provide psycho-education plus help families learn how to be more supportive with less expressed emotion

Question 53

assertive community treatment programs

Answer 53

comprehensive monitoring, support, and treatment

Question 54

key features of effective community care

Answer 54

- coordination of patient service -short-term hospitalization -partial hospitalization -supervised residences -occupational training

Question 55

problems with effective community care

Answer 55

-poor coordination of services -shortage of services

Question 56

solutions to problems with effective community care

Answer 56

case managers and more funds