CH. 12 - Romulus and Earliest Legends of Rome

Question 1

kings of Alba Longa

Answer 1

• Amulius was the last king of Alba longa who stole the thone from his brother Numitor
• Numitor’s daughter Rhea Silvia was forcefully made a Vestal virgin by Amulius so that she would not birth any heirs
• Mars fell in love with her and more her two sons Remus and Romulis

Question 2

Birth of Remus and Romulus

Answer 2

• Amulius ordered them to be put in a basket and thrown into the Tiber river
• a servent pitied them and left them by the edge of the river which was in flood
• when the flood receded they were left on dry ground and were found by a she-wolf who suckled them
• the babies were found by one of Amulius’ shepards, Faustulus
• he brought them home and raised them with his wife Aca Larentia

Question 3

What did Remus and Romulus do as adults

Answer 3

• they got into a violent dispute with some of Numitor’s herdsman
• in retaliation, Remus was lured into an ambush and captured
• Remus was brought before Numitor to be punished but was prevented by Romulus as he arrived and told the story of their rescue
• they realized who each other were and would together bring the death of Amulius and the restoration of Numitor to the throne
• after they did this they would leave alba longa to find their own city at the site of their miraculous river rescue (at the fig tree)

Question 4

how/why did one of the brothers die

Answer 4

• the death of Remus was caused by them fighting over who the city should be named after
• they decided that they would let the birds decide
• they would be on different parts of Aventine hill
• the first omen, 6 vultures appeared to Remus
• the second omen, 12 vultures appeared to romulus
• romulus later kills Remus after jumping over a wall he build. Friends enter a city through the gates

Question 5

Rome’s founding date

Answer 5

April 21st 753 BCE

Question 6

Romulus and the Sabines

Answer 6

• in efforts to increase Rome’s population, the area between two hills was declared as asylum for all
• they needed to increase women population so Romulus opted to trick the Sabines
• Rome invited the sabines to the fesitval games of the Consualia, they then seized all sabine women
• Titus Taitius had to avenge this atrocity and declared war on the romans
• upon first encounter, Romulus killed him

Question 7

how were Romans and Sabines finally united?

Answer 7

• the sabine women ran into the middle fo the battle and by their direct appeals brought about a truce
• the sabines formed a neighbourhood on the hill and also provided an early name by which roman citizens were addressed, Quirites

Question 8

Numa Pompilius

Answer 8

• second king of rome, succeeding Romulus after a one year interregnum
• he was of sabine origin
• many of romes most important religious and political institutions are attributted to him. Such as, roman calendar, vestal virgins, the cult of mars, the cult of jupiter, the cult of romulus, and the priestly office of pontifex maximus

Question 9

Tullus Hostilius

Answer 9

• the third king of rome
• during his reign, there was a war between alba longa and rome, which led to the destruction of alba longa
• under his reign lived the Horatti (roman) and Curiatii (alban)
• 2 romans were killed but the last Horatti, Horatius was able to kill the them all, which her brother was betrothed to cone of the Curiatii
• she cried out in grief and Horatius killed her and was sentenced to death as a murderer
• he was later exonerated and purified

Question 10

Ancus Marcius

Answer 10

• fourth king of rome
• ruled by waging war as romulus did while also promoting peace as Numa did
• he displayed instructions on wooden tablets in the forum concerning proper public performances of religious ceremonies, so that ceremonies are not neglected or improperly performed
• he extended roman territories north of the tiber river, founding the port of Ostia

Question 11

Last three kings Rome

Answer 11

Tarquinius Priscus
Servius Tullius
- founder and organizer of roman institutions second to Romulus
- his mother (Ocrisia) was a slave that was assigned to the house of Tarquinius Priscus
- favoured by Vulcan, his grandfather
Tarquinius Superbus

Question 12

How does Tarquinius Superbus become king

Answer 12

• Servius is killed by his duaghter Tullia, who was married to Arruns, son of Tarquinius Priscus
• he (superbus) was a tyrant and his expulsion led to the establishment of the roman republic
• the crime that caused his removal became one of the most famous of roman legend

Question 13

Tarquinius Superbus’ crimes

Answer 13

• in the rutalian capital of ardea, a few nobleman; including Tarquinius Collatinus, Sextus Tarquinius (son of Tarquinius superbus)
• full of wine, they rode home to visit their wives in order to see who was the most virtuous and faithful
• wife of Collatinus, Lucretia was judged to be the best and they returned to camp
• Sexton was so taken by Lucretia that he would returned alone to her some nights later and violate her
• she sent for her husband and father, told them what happened then stabbed herself in the heart
• Taruinius and sextus were driven into exile
• Sextus was killed in the town of Gabii
  HER SUICIDE STARTED A REBELION THAT OVERTHREW THE ROMAN MONARCHY
• rome then became a repulic, the two cheif powers being two preators, one of which was Lucretia’s dad Lucias Brutus