Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MIH > Ch 12 Conception And Fetal Development > Flashcards

Ch 12 Conception And Fetal Development Flashcards

1
Q

Implantation

A

Occurs between 6-10 days after fertilization

Bleeding or spotting may occur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Fetal membranes

A

Chorion

Amnion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Chromosomes

A

XX female XY male

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Amniotic fluid purpose

A 
Space for movement and protection
Thermo regulation
Supplies fetus with nutrients and fluid
Can be tested for genetic disorders
Prevents amnion (layer of the amniotic sac) from sticking to fetus
Prevents umbilical cord compression
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Amniotic fluid amount

A

800 to 1200 ml present at birth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Polyhydramnios

A

Too much amniotic fluid, more that 2000 ml

Could indicate GI malformation of the fetus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Oligohydramnios

A

Not enough amniotic fluid

Less than 300 ml

Associated with renal malformations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Umbilical cord is protected by

A

Wharton’s jelly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Vessels in umbilical cord

A

2 arteries 1 vein

Arteries away from fetus

Vein carries oxygen rich blood to fetus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Organs in the fetus originally develop where?

A

In the umbilical cord because the abdomen is so small in the beginning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Placenta

A

Considered an endocrine gland

Secretes hcg, hpl, estrogen, progesterone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Hcg detected how long after conception

A

10 days (in maternal serum)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Hpl

A

Human placental lactogen, also known as chorionic somatotropin

Similar to human growth hormone, needed for fetal development

Stimulates maternal metabolism to supply nutrients needed for fetal growth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Placental development

A

Develops during week three and is fully functional by week 12

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Other placenta jobs

A

Regulates transport of gases, nutrients, and waste

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Dirty Duncan

A

Maternal side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Shiny Schultz

A

Fetal side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Pre-embryonic stage

A

Conception to day 14

Rapid cell division

Primary germ layers and the embryonic membranes form

The primary germ layers are the basis for all tissues and all organs to grow from

19
Q

Embryonic stage

A

Day 15 to week eight

Structures of major organs are complete and organ systems are functioning

Big risk for teratogens

Most deformities will occur between weeks three and week eight

20
Q

Examples of teratogens

A

Radiation, lead, chemotherapy agents, cmv (a virus), MMR vaccine (avoid pregnancy 28 days after vaccine), rubella

21
Q

Month one

A

Hematopoiesis (formation of blood cells)week three
Day 25 the heart is beating
Fourth week the GI system is functioning
In the first month the liver, thyroid, bones, muscles and epidermis are forming
Neural tube (start of central nervous system)
At the end of this month the fetus is half an inch long and less than 1 oz

22
Q

First functioning organ system

A

Cardiac system

23
Q

Month two

A 
Ears, ankles, wrists are developed
The eyelids are still shut
Hematopoesis continues
By the fifth week is swallowing and voiding
The brain has five lobes
Pancreas and nerve fibers are developing
At the end of month two fetus is 1 in long and less than 1 oz
Rh factor is developed by about 6 weeks
24
Q

Month three

A

Baby has fingers and toes, soft nails, baby teeth
Can hear fetal heart rate with Doppler
Renal function
Baby starting to move
Adrenal cortex is producing hormones
Reproductive parts begin to develop and sex characteristics begin to develop (may not be visualized)
Lanugo and vernix
By the end of month three baby is 2 1/2 in long and greater than 1 oz

25
Q

Second trimester

A

Baby is viable at the end of trimester

A period of Rapid fetal development

26
Q

Month four

A 
Baby moves kicks and swallows
Has handprints at 16 weeks
Is forming meconium
Placenta is fully formed and functioning
Six to seven inches and 5 oz
27
Q

Month 5

A

Sleep and wake intervals
Week 20 is producing insulin
Is actively felt by Mom
8 to 12 in and 1/2 to 1 lb

28
Q

Month 6

A 
Lenugo all over
Eyes are open
11 to 14 in and one to one and a half pounds
28 cm
24 weeks means viability
29
Q

Third trimester

A

A period of refinement and growth

30
Q

Month 7

A 
Eyes open and close
Responds to light and sound
Begins to store fat
Testes to send into scrotum
15 in and 3 lb
31
Q

Month 8

A 
Rapid brain growth
Skull is soft and flexible
Mature GI system
Baby is storing iron
18 in and 5 lb
32
Q

Month 9

A

Brain is a quarter the size of an adult
Gains 1/4 to 1/2 lb per week
6 to 9 lb and 19 to 21 in

33
Q

Fetal circulation structures involved

A

Heart
Placenta
Fetal tissue

34
Q

Three purposes of fetal circulation

A

Increased blood flow to the Head and the heart
Decreased blood flow to the fetal lungs
And direct blood to the placenta

35
Q

In utero the fetus…

A

Shunts blood flow to the lungs

The ductus arteriosus bypasses the lungs

36
Q

Low hr in utero means

A

Low fetal circulation

Increase heart rate by turning mom on her side

37
Q

After birth when baby starts to breathe…

A

Shunts no longer needed, transition to extra uterine life

38
Q

Surfactant

A

20-24 weeks, stabilizes alveoli

Keeps alveoli from sticking to itself and collapsing

39
Q

Alveoli aren’t mature until…

A

Weeks 35-37

40
Q

L/S ratio (lecithin/sphingomyelin)

A

2:1 ratio indicates lung maturity

Maternal use of steroids can stimulate production. A mom in early labor might receive steroids to help lungs mature.

41
Q

How to diagnose multifetal pregnancy

A

Polyhydramnios (too much fluid)
Asynchronous fetal heart rate (fhr)
Ultrasound evidence

42
Q

Likelihood of multifetal pregnancy if…

A

History of dizygotic twins in female history

Use of fertility drugs

43
Q

Monozygotic

A

Fertilization of a single ovum by one sperm

Identical

history of disygotic twins in female history and use of fertility drugs will increase the likelihood

Congenital malformations are more likely

44
Q

Dizygotic

A

Fertilization of two ova by two sperm

Fraternal twins or non-identical

MIH (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions