Ch 12

Question 1

Largest intrusive igneous rock body that forms when magma is being forced upward toward Earth’s crust and cools slowly to solidify underground.

Answer 1

Batholith

Question 2

Large circular-shaped opening formed when the top of a volcano collapses.

Answer 2

Caldera

Question 3

Steep-sided, loosely packed volcano formed when tephra falls to the ground.

Answer 3

Cinder Cone Volcano

Question 4

Built by alternating explosive and quiet eruptions that produce layers of tephra and lava, found mostly where Earth’s plates come together and one plate sinks below the other.

Answer 4

Composite Volcano

Question 5

Steep-walled depression around the volcano’s vent.

Answer 5

Crater

Question 6

Igneous rock feature formed when magma is squeezed into a vertical crack that cuts across rock layers and hardens underground.

Answer 6

Dike

Question 7

The result of an unusually hot area at the boundary between Earth’s mantle and core that forms volcanoes when melted rock is forced upward and breaks through the crust.

Answer 7

Hot Spot

Question 8

Broad, gently sloping volcano formed by quiet eruptions of basaltic lava.

Answer 8

Shield volcano

Question 9

Igneous rock formed when magma is squeezed into a horizontal crack between layers of rock and hardens underground.

Answer 9

sill

Question 10

Bits of rock or solidified lava dropped from the air during an explosive volcanic eruption; ranges in size from volcanic ash to volcanic bombs and blocks.

Answer 10

Tephra

Question 11

Opening where magma is forced up and flows out onto Earth’s surface as lava, forming a volcano.

Answer 11

Vent

Question 12

Solid igneous core of a volcano left behind after the softer cone has been eroded.

Answer 12

Volcanic neck

Question 13

Opening in Earth’s surface that erupts sulfurous gases, ash, and lava; can form at Earth’s plate boundaries or at hot spots.

Answer 13

Volcano