CH 12

Question 1

what acts as nuc for metal hydride reduction

Answer 1

H-

Question 2

metal hydride reducing agents

Answer 2

NaBH4 or LiAlH4 / H2So4 or H20

Question 3

NaBH4 reduces aldehydes to?

Answer 3

primary alc

Question 4

NaBH4 reduces ketones to?

Answer 4

secondary alc

Question 5

What do NaBH4 not react with?

Answer 5

carboxylic acids, esters, amides

Question 6

borohydride reduction reagent

Answer 6

NaBH4, protic solvent

Question 7

which reducing agent is more reactive

Answer 7

LiAlH4

Question 8

what are LiAlH4 incompatible with?

Answer 8

protic solvents

Question 9

LiAlH4 reduces aldehydes to?

Answer 9

primary alcs

Question 10

LiAlH4 reduces carboxylic acids to?

Answer 10

primary alcs

Question 11

LiAlH4 reduces esters to?

Answer 11

primary alcs

Question 12

LiAlH4 reduces ketones to?

Answer 12

secondary alcs

Question 13

what is the product of metal reduction on esters

Answer 13

2 alcs

Question 14

what is the product of metal reduction on carboxylic acids

Answer 14

alc + H20

Question 15

can u add Mg to a halide with an alpha sp2 center to turn it into a grignard

Answer 15

yes

Question 16

what solvent to use with grignard

Answer 16

nonprotic

Question 17

what do grignards react with

Answer 17

carbonyls

Question 18

when do grignards act twice

Answer 18

when there is a LG

Question 19

Grignard rule: look for tertiary alc, if have 2 of same alkyl group probably a grignard added twice to an ?

Answer 19

ester

Question 20

grignard rule: if tertiary alc has 3 diff groups, grignard addition to unsymmetrical ?

Answer 20

ketone

Question 21

Grignard rule: secondary alcs come from gignards and a ?

Answer 21

aldehyde

Question 22

what don’t grignards react with

Answer 22

carboxylic acids

Question 23

reagent for grignard rxn

Answer 23

1)RMgBr
2)H20 or H2SO4

Question 24

what funct groups need protection

Answer 24

OH

Question 25

what to use to subst for alc via SN2

Answer 25

SOCl2,pyr or PBr3

Question 26

what is a williamson ether synthesis

Answer 26

SN2 rxn w/ alc and primary halide

Question 27

secondary alcs are oxidized to?

Answer 27

ketones

Question 28

primary alcs are oxidized to?

Answer 28

aldehyde or carboxylic acid

Question 29

do tertiary alcs get oxidized

Answer 29

no

Question 30

chromic acid oxidizes primary alcs to ? in ? conditions

Answer 30

carboxylic acids, aqueous conditions

Question 31

PCC and PDC selectively produce ? from ? and are done in?

Answer 31

aldehydes, primary alcs, anhydrous organic solvents

Question 32

what does swern ox do

Answer 32

oxidizes primary alc to aldehydes without metal reagents

Question 33

reagent for PCC/PDC

Answer 33

PCC or PDC / DCM

Question 34

reagent for chromic acid ox

Answer 34

Na2Cr2O7 or K2Cr2O7/ H2SO4, H20

Question 35

reagent for swern

Answer 35

1)DMSO, (COCl)2, DCM / 2)Et3N

Question 36

for mech of ox, when to react aldehyde to go to carboxylic acid?

Answer 36

when in aqueous` conditions

Question 37

what does DMP do

Answer 37

oxidizes primary alcs to aldehydes and secondary alcs to ketones