Ch. 11 Microbiology

Question 1

pathogenic

Answer 1

disease producing microorganisms

Question 2

Robert Hooke

Answer 2

discovered cell theory in 1665. proposed all living things are composed of cells

Question 3

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

Answer 3

the first person to study microorganisms

Question 4

Louis Pasteur

Answer 4

in 1864, showed life can only be generated from existing life. showed that fermentation was caused by microorganisms. developed pasteurization

Question 5

Robert Koch

Answer 5

he developed germ theory. discovered microbes that cause anthrax, tuberculosis, and cholera.

Question 6

Alexander Fleming

Answer 6

he discovered penicillin

Question 7

algae

Answer 7

one celled marine plants that are the lowest form of plant life

Question 8

bacteria

Answer 8

unicellular organisms. usually are encased in a cell wall. most common shapes are rod-like bacilli, spheres called cocci, and corkscrew-shaped spirilla.

Question 9

spores

Answer 9

they develop layers of protective membranes. dormant bacterium can survive for years when they go dormant

Question 10

anaerobic bacteria

Answer 10

destroyed by contact with oxygen

Question 11

aerobic bacteria

Answer 11

depend on oxygen to live

Question 12

facultative bacteria

Answer 12

they can adjust to particular circumstances and can live with or without oxygen

Question 13

fungi

Answer 13

includes mushrooms, yeasts, and molds.

Question 14

protozoa

Answer 14

single celled microorganisms. the lowest form of animal life.

Question 15

viruses

Answer 15

smallest microorganisms. cannot move or grow and are dependent on host cells.

Question 16

hepatitis

Answer 16

viral infection that affects the liver

Question 17

streptococcus mutans

Answer 17

primary bacteria that cause tooth decay