Ch. 11 Key Terms.”

Question 1

surface water

Answer 1

water that collects on the surface of the ground.

Question 2

river system

Answer 2

united that the water carried by the minor component streams finally unites in one body of flowing water, usually designated as the “trunk” or “master” river.

Question 3

watershed

Answer 3

an area or ridge of land that separates waters flowing to different rivers, basins, or seas.

Question 4

groundwater

Answer 4

water held underground in the soil or in pores and crevices in rock.

Question 5

aquifer

Answer 5

a body of permeable rock which can contain or transmit groundwater.

Question 6

porosity

Answer 6

the quality or state of being porous.

Question 7

aquifer

Answer 7

body of permeable rock which can contain or transmit groundwater.

Question 8

permeability

Answer 8

the state or quality of a material or membrane that causes it to allow liquids or gases to pass through it.

Question 9

recharge zone

Answer 9

The area in which water enters an aquifer . In some cases recharge occurs where the water bearing formation itself encounters the ground surface and precipitation or surface water seeps directly into the aquifer.

Question 10

potable

Answer 10

safe to drink; drinkable.

Question 11

pathogen

Answer 11

a bacterium, virus, or other microorganism that can cause disease.

Question 12

dam

Answer 12

a barrier constructed to hold back water and raise its level, forming a reservoir used to generate electricity or as a water supply.

Question 13

reservoir

Answer 13

a place where something is kept in store: such as. a : an artificial lake where water is collected and kept in quantity for use.

Question 14

desalination

Answer 14

the process of removing salt from seawater

Question 15

water pollution

Answer 15

occurs when harmful substances—often chemicals or microorganisms

Question 16

point source pollution

Answer 16

n is a single identifiable source of air, water, thermal, noise or light pollution.

Question 17

nonpoint source pollution

Answer 17

it comes from a single place. Nonpoint-source pollution is harder to identify and harder to address

Question 18

wastewater

Answer 18

water that has been used in the home, in a business, or as part of an industrial process

Question 19

artificial eutrophication

Answer 19

occurs when human activity introduces increased amounts of these nutri

Question 20

thermal pollution

Answer 20

The effects of thermal pollution are diverse, but in short, thermal pollution damages water ecosystems and reduces animal populations

Question 21

biomagnification

Answer 21

the concentration of toxins in an organism as a result of its ingesting other plants or animals in which the toxins are more widely disbursed.