Ch 11 elements&bonds Flashcards
Valence electron
The outermost electron that participates in chemical bonding
Electron dot diagram
A model that represents valence electrons in an atom as dots around the elements chemical symbol
Chemical formula
A group of chemical symbols and numbers that represent the element and the number of atoms of each element thAt makeup a compound
Covalent bond
A chemical bond formed when 2 atoms share 1 or more pairs of valence electrons
Molecule
2 or more atoms that are held together by covalent bonds and act as a unit
Polar molecule
A molecule with a slight negative charge in one area and a slight positive charge in another area
Ion
An atom that is no longer neutral because it has lost or gained valence electrons
Ionic bond
The attraction between positively and negatively charged ions in an ionic compound
Metallic bond
A bond formed when many metal atoms share their pooled valence electrons
How can you find the number of valence electrons of and element by using the periodic table
The ones digit in the group number
Why are some groups such as halogens reactive and others like noble gases unreactive
Noble gasses are chemically stable, so they don’t react as easily. Halogens aren’t chemically stable, so they react easily
Chemical formula
Co2
Structural formula
C=O=C
Ionic bond characteristics
- solid
- high melting and boiling points
- dissolve in water
- poor conductors of electricity
Covalent Bonds characteristics
- gas, liquid, or solid
- low melting and boiling points
- don’t dissolve in water
- poor conductors of energy
- dull appearance
