Ch 11 and 12 Test: American History Flashcards
Who was part of Washington’s Cabinet and what department did they run?
- Thomas Jefferson: Secretary of State
- Alexander Hamilton: Secretary of Treasury
- Henry Knox: Secretary of War
- Edmund Randolph: Attorney General
What is an excise tax?
A tax that is imposted on the sale of specific goods
Ex: The excise tax on whiskey in the US to the Whiskey Rebellion
What was the Whiskey Rebellion? What did Washington do about the rebllion?
It was a violent protest by farmers who disliked the newly imposed tax on whiskey. Washington called up the 13,000 state militia to put down the rebellion
What did Alexander Hamilton beleive was important for the U.S to become a great nation?
He believed in a strong central government with power over the states, a diverse and industiral economy and manufacturing.
Which nation did the Federalists and the Democratic-Republicans favor? What was their reason for favoring that nation?
Federalists: Great Britian because the North of the U.S traded with Britian and depended on them and the did not support the revloution by France
Democratic-Republicans: France because they liked their fight for libery because the party was very democratic
What was the Alien and Sedition Acts? what was the purpose of them?
An act passed by Federalits that lengthen the citizenship required to vote, targeting imigrants and making speaking out againts the government illegal
What is the 12th Amendment and what led to its addition?
When Adams (Federalits) became president, the runner up for president was Jefferson (Democratic-Republican) so he became vice president which was a issue. So the 12th amendment made an elected president pick their vice president.
Why did Jefferson call the election of 1800 a peaceful revolution?
From a Federalist to a Democratic-Republican, the election in which there was a change in power was peaceful with no violence
What challenges did Presidnet Adams face during his term?
He had to face France’s anger for “bretraying” their alliance and attacks on American ships
Why were Great Britain and France seizing U.S merchant ships?
They both were trying to weakin their enemy’s economy because America was trading with both nations
What increased tensions between the U.S and Great Britain in 1807?
An American warship was fired upon by a british warship that ended up with 21 U.S soldiers dead.
What major issue divided the Federalits and the Democratic-Repubicans?
Their views on the amount of power the national government should have and their views on economy
What did the Federalits and the Democratic-Republicans believed the ecnomy should be based on
Federalists: Should be based on trade and manuufactural goods
Democratic-Republicans: Should be based on agriculture
What was the War of 1812?
War of the U.S against Great Britain because of impressment, western border and north america border disagreements
What was the result of the War of 1812?
what was the treaty?
The Treaty of Ghent was a peace treaty signed by both the U.S and Great Britain that ended the War of 1812 in Ghent, Belgium
What is the Monroe Doctrine? What did it accomplish?
President Monroe’s statement against further colonization by any European power in North and South America
Who was the tie in the election of 1800 between?
Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr
jefferson won
What differences did Hamilton and Jefferson have in regards to Human Nature and Role of the Government
Hamilton: humans are naturally selfish and the government needs to put them on the right path
Jefferson: all were created equal and every human is able to know the right and wrong regardless of status
What is nullification?
The consitutional theory that individividual states can invalidate federal laws or judicial decisions they deem unconstitutional
What is the XYZ Affair? How did the U.S respond?
President Adams sent 3 envoys to France to end attacks on american ships. They were met by 3 secret agents that demanded a lot of money as tribute before any peace talks.
President Adams was not going to pay the lots of money so he ordered the creation of a navy to get ready for war
What is impressement?
The act of kidnaping men and forcing them to serve in your military
What Military Department did John Adams establish?
The Department of the Navy
What compromise did Hamilton plan in order to get his debt plan approved by Congress?
Hamilton and Federalits got: the decision so the national government would take over and have the power to pay state debts
Jefferson and Democratic-Republicans got: The U.S capital in the South -Washington District of Columbia
Washington DC
What did the Jay Treat accomplish in 1796?
The British pulled their trooos from the Ohio Valley and halt attacks on U.S shipping
Who was hurt by Jefferson’s embargo?
Sailors and merchants from New England (North of U.S)
55,000 sailors lost their jobs
What does the Eagle represent in the United States Great Seal?
The power of Peace and War
Where is the Barbary Coast?
North Africa
Who were the War Hawks? What did they want to accomplish?
A gropu of congressemen who were very eager for war against the British. They thought if the U.S could enter Canadian terretory, they would be welcomed
that turned out to be false and they never got canada
What was Jefferson’s response to the pirate attacks on U.S ships?
Jefferson declared war and sent warships to the Barabary Coast
Who was Tecumseh?
Chief of the Shawnee tribe and a warrior who promoted resitance to the expansion of the U.S onto Native American lands.
also made a native american confederancy and united all tribes
Who wrote “The Star-Spangled Banner”?
Francis Scott Key
