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Skin Conditions > Ch. 11 > Flashcards

Ch. 11 Flashcards

0
Q

Acne excoriee

A

Disorder where clients purposely scrape off acne lesions, causing scarring and discoloration

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1
Q

Acne

A

Chronic inflammatory skin disorder of the sebaceous glands that is characterized by comedomes and blemishes; commonly known as acne simplex or acne vulgaris

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2
Q

Albinism

A

Absence of melanin pigment in the body, including skin, hair, and eyes; the technical term is congenital leukoderma or congenital hypopigmentation

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3
Q

Anhidrosis

A

Deficiency in perspiration, often a result of a fever or skin disease, that requires medical treatment

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4
Q

Asteatosis

A

Dry, scaly skin from sebum deficiency, which can be due to aging, body disorders, alkalies of harsh soaps, or cold exposure

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5
Q

Atopic dermatitis

A

Excess inflammation; dry skin, redness, and itching from allergies and irritants

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6
Q

Basal cell carcinoma

A

Most common and the least severe type of skin cancer, which often appears as light, pearly nodules; characteristics include sores, reddish patches, or a smooth growth with an elevated border

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7
Q

Bromhidrosis

A

Foul-smelling perspiration, usually in the armpits or the feet

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8
Q

Bulla

A

Large blister containing watery fluid; similar to a vesicle, but larger

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9
Q

Carbuncle

A

Cluster of boils; large inflammation of the subcutaneous tissue caused by staphylococci bacterium; similar to a furuncle (boil) but larger

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10
Q

Chloasma

A

Also known as liver spots; condition characterized by hyperpigmentation on the skin in spots that are not elevated

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11
Q

Comedo

A

Mass of hardened sebum and skin cells in a hair follicle; an open comedo or blackhead when open and exposed to oxygen. Closed comedomes are whiteheads that are blocked and do not have a follicular opening

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12
Q

Comedogenic

A

Tendency for an ingredient to clog follicles and cause a buildup of dead skin cells, resulting in comedomes

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13
Q

Conjunctivitis

A

(Pinkeye) a very contagious infection of the mucous membranes around the eye; chemical, bacterial, or viral causes

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14
Q

Contact dermatitis

A

Inflammatory condition caused by contact with a substance or chemical. Occupational disorders from ingredients in cosmetics and chemical solutions can cause contact dermatitis. Allergic contact dermatitis is from exposure to allergens; irritant contact dermatitis is from exposure to irritants

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15
Q

Crust

A

Dead cells form over a wound or blemish while it is healing, resulting in an accumulation of sebum and pus, sometimes mixed with epidermal material. An example is the scab on a sore

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16
Q

Cyst

A

Closed, abnormally developed sac containing fluid, infection, or other matter above or below the skin

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17
Q

Dermatitis

A

Any inflammatory condition of the skin; various forms of lesions such as eczema, vesicles, or papules; the three main categories are atopic, contact, and seborrheic dermatitis

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18
Q

Dermatologist

A

Physician who specializes in diseases and disorders of the skin, hair, and nails

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19
Q

Dermatology

A

Medical branch of science that deals with the study of skin and its nature, structure, functions, diseases, and treatment

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20
Q

Eczema

A

Inflammatory, painful itching disease of the skin, acute or chronic in nature, with dry or moist lesions. This condition should be referred to a physician. Seborrheic dermatitis, mainly affecting oily areas, is a common form of eczema

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21
Q

Edema

A

Swelling caused by a fluid imbalance in cells or a response to injury or infection

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22
Q

Erythema

A

Redness caused by inflammation; a red lesion is erythemic

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23
Q

Excoriation

A

Skin sore or abrasion produced by scratching or scraping

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24
Q

Fissure

A

Crack in the skin that penetrates the dermis. Chapped lips or hands are fissures

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25
Q

Folliculitis

A

(Folliculitis barbae, sycosis barbae, or barbers itch) inflammation of the hair follicles caused by a bacterial infection from ingrown hairs. The cause is typically from ingrown hairs due to shaving or other epilation methods

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26
Q

Furuncle

A

(Boil) subcutaneous abscess filled with pus; furuncles are caused by bacteria in the glands or hair follicles

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27
Q

Herpes simples virus 1

A

Strain of the herpes virus that causes fever blisters or cold sores; it is a recurring, contagious viral infection consisting of a vesicle or group of vesicles on a red swollen base. The blisters usually appear on the lips or nostrils

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28
Q

Herpes simplex virus 2

A

Strain of the herpes virus that infects the genitals

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29
Q

Herpes zoster

A

(Shingles) a painful viral infection skin condition from the chickenpox virus; characterized by groups of blisters that form a rash in a ring or line

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30
Q

Hyperhindrosis

A

Excessive perspiration caused by heat, genetics, medications, or medical conditions; also called diaphoresis

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31
Q

Hyperpigmentation

A

Over-production of pigment

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32
Q

Hypertrophy

A

Abnormal growth of the skin; many are benign, or harmless

33
Q

Hypopigmentation

A

Absence of pigment, resulting in light of white splotches

34
Q

Impetigo

A

Contagious skin infection caused by staphylococcal or streptococcal bacteria, characterized by clusters of small blisters or crusty lesions and often occurring in children

35
Q

Keloid

A

Thick scar resulting from excessive growth of fibrous tissue (collagen)

36
Q

Keratoma

A

Acquired, superficial, thickened patch of epidermis. A callus is keratoma caused by continued, repeated pressure or friction on any part of the skin, especially the hands and feet

37
Q

Keratosis

A

Abnormally thick buildup of cells

38
Q

Keratosis pilaris

A

Redness and bumpiness common on the cheeks or upper arms; it is caused by blocked hair follicles. The patches of irritation are accompanied by a rough texture and small pinpoint white milia

39
Q

Lentigo

A

Freckles; small yellow-brown colored spots. Lentigenes that result from sunlight exposure are actinic, or solar lentigenes. Patches are referred to as large macules

40
Q

Lesions

A

Mark, wound, or abnormality; structural changes in tissue caused by damage or injury

41
Q

Leukoderma

A

Skin disorder characterized by light, abnormal patches; congenital, acquired, post-inflammatory, or other causes that destroy pigment-producing cells. Vitiligo and albinism are leukodermas

42
Q

Macule

A

Flat spot or discoloration on the skin, such freckle. Macules are neither raised nor sunked

43
Q

Malignant melanoma

A

Most serious form of skin cancer as it is spread quickly. Black or dark patches on the skin are usually uneven in texture, jagged, or raises. Melanomas may have surface crust or bleed

44
Q

Milia

A

Epidermal cysts; small, firm papules with no visible opening; whitish, pearl-like masses of sebum and dead cells under the skin. Milia are more common in dry skin types and may form after skin trauma, such as a laser resurfacing

45
Q

Miliaria rubra

A

(Prickly heat) acute inflammatory disorder of the sweat glands resulting in the eruption of red vesicles and burning, itching skin from excessive heat exposure

46
Q

Mole

A

Pigmented nevus; a brownish spot ranging in color from tan to bluish black. Some are flat, resembling freckles; others are raised and darker

47
Q

Nevus

A

(Birthmark) malformation of the skin due to abnormal pigmentation or dilated capillaries

48
Q

Nodules

A

Often referred to as rumors, but are smaller bumps caused by conditions such as a at tissue, fatty deposits, or infections

49
Q

Papule

A

Pimple; small elevation on the skin that contains no fluid but may develop pus

50
Q

Periorial dermatitis

A

Acne-like condition around the mouth. These are mainly small cluster of papules that could be caused by toothpaste or products used on the face

51
Q

Primary lesions

A

Primary lesions are characterized by flat nonpalpable changes in skin color such as macules or patches, or an elevation formed by fluid in a cavity, such as vesicles, bullae, or pustules

52
Q

Pruitis

A

Persistent itching

53
Q

Pseudofolliculitis

A

(Razor bumps) resembles folliculitis without the pus or infection

54
Q

Psoriasis

A

Skin disease characterized by red patches covered with white-silver scales. It is caused by an over proliferation of skin cells that replicate too fast. Immune dysfunction could be the cause. Psoriasis is usually found in patches on the scalp, elbows, knees, chest, and lower back

55
Q

Pustule

A

Raised, inflamed papule with a white or yellow center containing pus in the top of the lesion referred to as the head of the pimple

56
Q

Retention hyperkeratosis

A

Hereditary factor in which dead skin cells build up and do not shed from the follicles as they do on normal skin

57
Q

Scale

A

Flaky skin cells; any think plate of epidermal flakes, dry or oily. An example is abnormal or excessive dandruff

58
Q

Scar

A

Light-colored, slightly raised mark on the skin formed after an injury or lesion of the skin has healed up. The tissue hardens to heal the injury. Elevated scars are hypertrophic a keloid is a hypertrophic (abnormal) scar

59
Q

Sebaceous filaments

A

Similar to open comedomes, these are mainly solidified impactions of oil without the cell matter

60
Q

Sebaceous hyperplasma

A

Benign lesions frequently seen in oilier areas of the face. An overgrowth of the sebaceous gland, they appear similar to open comedones; often doughnut-shaped, with sebaceous material in the center

61
Q

Seborrhea

A

Severe oiliness of the skin; an abnormal secretion from the sebaceous glands

62
Q

Seborrheic dermatitis

A

Common form of eczema; mainly affects oily areas; characterized by inflammation, scaling, and or itching

63
Q

Secondary lesions

A

Skin damage, developed in the later stages of disease, that changes the structure of tissues or organs

64
Q

Skin tag

A

Small, benign outgrowths or extensions of the skin that look like flaps; common under the arms or on the neck

65
Q

Squamous cell carcinoma

A

Type of skin cancer more serious than basal cell carcinoma; characterized by scaly, red or pink papules or nodules; also appear as open sores or crusty areas; can grow and spread in the body

66
Q

Stain

A

Brown or wine-colored discoloration with with a circular and/or irregular shape. Stains occur after certain diseases, or after moles, freckles, or liver spots disappear. A port wine stain is a birthmark, which is a vascular type of nevus

67
Q

Steatoma

A

Sebaceous cyst or subcutaneous tumor filled with sebum; ranges in size from a pea to an orange. It usually appears on the scalp, neck, and back; also called a wen

68
Q

Tan

A

Increase in pigmentation due to the melanin production that results from exposure to UV radiation; visible skin damage. Melanin is designed to help protect the skin from the sun’s UV radiation

69
Q

Tinea

A

A contagious condition caused by fungal infection and not a parasite; characterized by itching, scales, and, sometimes, painful lesions

70
Q

Tinea corporis

A

Almost known as ringworm; a contagious infection that forms a ringed, red pattern with elevated edges

71
Q

Tubercle

A

Abnormal rounded, solid lump; larger than a papule

72
Q

Tumor

A

Large nodule; an abnormal cell mass resulting from excessive cell multiplication and varying in size, shape, and color

73
Q

Ulcer

A

Open lesions on the skin or mucous membrane of the body, accompanied by pus and loss of skin depth. A deep erosion; a depression in the skin, normally due to infection or cancer

74
Q

Urticaria

A

Also known as hives; caused by an allergic reaction from the body’s histamine production

75
Q

Varicose veins

A

Vascular lesions; dilated and twisted veins, most commonly in the legs

76
Q

Vasodilation

A

Vascular dilation of the blood vessels

77
Q

Verruca

A

Also known as wart; hypertrophy of the papillae and epidermis caused by a virus. It is infectious and contagious

78
Q

Vesicle

A

Small blister or sac containing clear fluid. Poison ivy and poison oak produce vesicles

79
Q

Vitiligo

A

Pigmentation disease characterized by white patches in the skin from lack of pigment cells; sunlight makes it worse

80
Q

Wheal

A

Itchy, swollen lesion caused by a blow, insect bite, skin allergy reaction, or stings. Hives and mosquito bites are wheals. Hives (urticaria) can be caused by exposure to allergens used in products

Skin Conditions (1 decks)

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