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exsc381 > CH 10 Linear Motion > Flashcards

CH 10 Linear Motion Flashcards

1
Q

What is the definition of Kinematics?

A

The form, pattern, or sequencings of movement with respect to time; the appearance of a motion

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2
Q

What is displacement?

A

-Change in location or position
- The directed distance from initial to final location
- the vector equivalent of linear distance

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3
Q

Displacement will always be __ or equal to the distance.

A

less than

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4
Q

Speed formula

A

Speed = (Distance/Time)

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5
Q

What are the units for speed?

A

Length/time

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6
Q

Velocity Formula

A

V= (displacement/time)

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7
Q

What are the units of velocity?

A

Length/time

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8
Q

If direction is positive, then velocity is___?

A

positive

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9
Q

If direction is negative, then velocity is ___?

A

Negative

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10
Q

What does a change in velocity represent?

A

A change in speed, direction, or both

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11
Q

What is velocity in running?

A

stride frequency x stride length

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12
Q

What is a running stride?

A

two consecutive steps

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13
Q

How do distance runners increase velocity?

A

Increasing stride length

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14
Q

How do sprinters increase velocity?

A

Increasing stride frequency

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15
Q

What is the definition of pace?

A

Inverse of Speed

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16
Q

How is pace represented?

A

10 minute mile, 6.4 s 40 yd dash

17
Q

What is the definition of acceleration?

A
  • the rate of change in linear velocity
  • change in speed and/or direction
18
Q

Formula for acceleration

A

a = (change in velocity/change in time)

19
Q

If velocity is 0 m/s, does that mean that acceleration is also 0 m/s/s?

A

No, acceleration always includes the force of gravity

20
Q

What is average velocity?

A

The velocity over an entire section/time period, etc

21
Q

What is the purpose of finding average velocity?

A

It determines the winner of a race

22
Q

What is instantaneous velocity?

A

The velocity at a specific point

23
Q

What is the purpose of finding instantaneous velocity?

A

It helps to analyze a specific phase or section of an event

24
Q

Speeding up in a positive direction

A

positive acceleration

25
Q

Speeding up in a negative direction

A

negative acceleration

26
Q

slowing down in a positive direction

A

negative acceleration

27
Q

slowing down in a negative direction

A

positive acceleration

28
Q

What is a projectile?

A

a body in free fall that is subject only to the forces of gravity and air resistance

29
Q

What is the effect of gravity?

A

Fg produces a constant acceleration of -9.81 m/s/s

30
Q

The pattern of change in the vertical velocity of a projectile is ..

A

Symmetrical about the apex

31
Q

What are the factors that influence the trajectory of a projectile?

A

projection angle, projection speed, and relative projection height

32
Q

What is the definition of projection angle?

A

the direction of projection with respect to the horizontal

33
Q

what is the definition of projection speed?

A

the magnitude of projection velocity

34
Q

what is the definition of relative projection height?

A

the difference between projection height and landing height

35
Q

in sports, you want to maximize velocity of the projectile for..

A

horizontal and vertical displacement

36
Q

What is typically the optimal projection angle?

A

45 degrees

37
Q

Why is the optimal projection angle for long jump not 45 degrees?

A

Takeoff velocity would have to decrease by 50%

38
Q

What are two assumptions made when analyzing projectile motion?

A

There is no wind resistance (therefore constant horizontal projection velocity and no horizontal acceleration) and the vertical velocity always changes due to the influence of gravity

39
Q

Why is it necessary to analyze the horizontal and vertical components separately?

A

the force of gravity foes not influence things that are in the horizontal direction

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