Ch 10 - General Probability rules

Question 1

Two events are independent if

Answer 1

knowing that one event is true or has happened does not change the probability of the other event.

Question 2

Sampling without replacement

Answer 2

Question 3

Conditional probabilities reflect

Answer 3

how the probability of an event can be different if we know that some other event has occurred or is true.

Question 4

The conditional probability of event B, given event A is

Answer 4

(provided that P(A) ≠ 0)

Question 5

When two events A and B are independent, P(B | A) =

Answer 5

P(B).
No information is gained from the knowledge of event A.

Question 6

Answer 6

Question 7

General multiplication rule:
The probability that any two dependent events, A and B, both occur is

Answer 7

Question 8

Tree diagrams are used to

Answer 8

represent probabilities graphically and facilitate computations.

Question 9

P(man and head)=

Answer 9

Question 10

P(head/man)

Answer 10

Question 11

positive predictive value

Answer 11

If a person gets a positive test result, it is the probability that he/she actually has the disease?

PPV = P(disease | positive test)

Question 12

Answer 12

Question 13

Bayes’s theorem

Answer 13

describes the probability of occurrence of an event related to any condition. It is also considered for the case of conditional probability.