CH. 10 Flashcards
accessory after the fact
One who receives, relieves, comforts, or assists another, with knowledge that the
other has committed a felony.
accessory before the fact
One who procures, counsels, or commands another to commit a felony, but who is
not present when the felony is committed
accomplice
Anyone who takes part with another in the commission of a crime.
actus reus
A voluntary act.
aiding and abetting
Participating in a crime by giving assistance or encouragement
alibi
A defense that places the defendant in a different place than the crime scene so that it
would have been impossible for the defendant to have committed the crime.
common law
The statutory and case law used in England and in the American Colonies before the
American Revolution.
conspiracy
The getting together of two or more people to plan and accomplish some criminal or
unlawful act.
constructively
Made so by legal interpretation.
cybercrime
any illegal activity carried out using computers or the internet
cyberlaw
laws, or a specific law, relating to internet and computer offenses, especially fraud or copyright infringement.
defense
Evidence offered by a defendant to defeat a criminal charge or civil lawsuit.
double jeopardy
Tried twice for the same offense.
entrapment
A defense that may be used when a police officer induces a person to commit a crime
that the person would not have otherwise committed.
exclusionary rule
Evidence obtained by an unconstitutional search or seizure that cannot be used at the
trial of a defendant.
ex post facto
After the fact.
felony
a crime, typically one involving violence, regarded as more serious than a misdemeanor, and usually punishable by imprisonment for more than one year or by death
fruit of the poisonous tree doctrine
Evidence generated or derived from an illegal search or seizure that cannot be used at
the trial of a defendant.
good faith exception to the exclusionary rule
Evidence discovered unlawfully by officers under the reasonable but mistaken belief
that a search was valid can be used in court.
high treason
Acts against the king (under the English common law).
hot pursuit doctrine
A search warrant that is not needed when police pursue a fleeing suspect into a pri
vate area.
illegal profiling
A law enforcement action, such as a detention or arrest, based solely on the race, reli
gion, national origin, ethnicity, gender, or sexual orientation of the person charged.
incarceration
the state of being confined in prison; imprisonment
insanity
A defense available to mentally ill defendants who can prove that they did not know
the difference between right and wrong or did not appreciate the criminality of their
conduct.
