Ch. 10 Flashcards

1
Q

Abdominal Aorta

A

-Retroperitoneal structure
-Multiple branches
-Bifurcates into the right and left common iliac arteries

(superior/inferior)

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2
Q

Branches of the Abdominal Aorta

A

Inferior phrenic artery
Median sacral artery
Celiac artery
Common Hepatic artery
Splenic artery
Suprarenal(adrenal) artery
Superior mesenteric artery
Renal arteries
Gonadal artery
Inferior mesenteric artery

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3
Q

Inferior phrenic artery

A

the first branch of the abdominal aorta

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4
Q

Median sacral artery

A

the most inferior branch of the abdominal aorta

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5
Q

Celiac Artery

A

branches from the anterior aspect of the aorta; branches into left gastric artery, splenic artery, common hepatic artery

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6
Q

Common hepatic artery

A

Branches into gastroduodenal artery (GDA) and proper hepatic artery (PHA)

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7
Q

Splenic artery

A

Supplies the spleen, pancreas, and left side of the greater curvature of the stomach as it courses
horizontally to the left with slight inferior-to-superior angulation

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8
Q

Suprarenal artery

A

Branches from the lateral aspect of the aorta, supplies the adrenal glands

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9
Q

Superior mesenteric artery

A

Branches from the anterior aspect of the aorta, supplies the largest portion of the small intestine and ascending colon and part of the transverse colon

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10
Q

Renal arteries

A

Branch from the lateral aspect of the aorta, course posterior to the renal veins

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11
Q

Gonadal artery

A

Branch from the anterior aspect of the aorta:
-Testicular artery (male)
-Ovarian artery (female)

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12
Q

Inferior mesenteric artery

A

Branch from the anterior aspect of the aorta, supplies blood to the transverse colon, descending colon, and rectum

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13
Q

Normal Abdominal Aorta Measurements

A

(Region)-(Diameter)
Proximal- 2.0
Mid- 1.5
Distal (0.8-1.0)

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14
Q

Physiology of aorta

A

The primary function of the aorta and its
branches is to channel blood to organs and
tissues to ensure oxygenation and
metabolism

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15
Q

Renin

A

is released from the kidney in the
event of bleeding. Renin acts on angiotensin
II, which initiates vasoconstriction (blood pressure is maintained)

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16
Q

Sonographic Appearance
of the Abdominal Aorta

A

=Anechoic tubular structure located slightly to left of midline
- Bright, echogenic
smooth wall margins
- High-resistance
arterial blood flow

17
Q

Sonographic Applications (Aorta)

A

-Primarily to detect aortic aneurysms
-Fusiform, saccular, and dissecting aneurysms can be readily identified
- Stenosis
- CA, SMA, renal artery, and common iliac can be identified with Doppler sonography
- Grafts
- Evaluated for patency and complications using Doppler sonography

18
Q

Hematocrit

A

-Percentage of red blood cells to whole blood is
used to measure possible bleeding from the arterial system
- Abnormal decrease in red blood cells may also
point to bleeding
- Levels of cholesterol and lipids may indicate the potential for pathology

19
Q

Associated Tests (Aorta)

A

-Duplex Doppler sonography
-Color Doppler imaging
-Plethysmography and segmental blood pressure
-Arteriography
-Computed axial tomography (CT scan)
-Spiral computed axial tomography (spiral CT)
-Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)