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Chapter 10 Euro > Ch 10 > Flashcards

Ch 10 Flashcards

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AP® European History flashcards
0
Q

Simon de Montfort

A

Thought Henry 111 expenditures too great and revolted, won but lost power, got a group who signed m.c. And reps from towns to secure loyalty and inform public. Married h111 sister

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1
Q

Henry 111

A

R. 1216-1272
Forced to reissue Magna Carta and have a regent rep. Him at parliament, bad relations with barons, only raise taxes w/parliament, tried to regain Normandy and failed, lots of costly and expensive wars, barons revolted but got it back

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2
Q

Edward 1

A

R.1272-1307
Got welsh, Scotland, diplomatic war with France, breach with church, did statutes of realm and model parliament, respected bold fighter and crusader

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3
Q

Model parliament

A

Edward 1 2 houses:
House of Lords: tenants in chief, upper nobility, bishops, powerful abbots
House of Commons: 2 knights from every shore and 2 reps of town

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4
Q

Power of the purse

A

Edward had reps elected from towns grant him full power to tax b/c Magna Carta way of getting $ for war didnt work, H of C had the power, had to consent to taxes for a town

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5
Q

Statutes of realm

A

Edward 1 wanted to make law more flexible, set precedent for only changing law by legislation not admin decision, restricted nobility and clergy’s rights, limited money bishops could send to Rome, new emphasis on securing consent of parliament

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6
Q

Philip IV, the fair

A

R. 1285-1314 French
War 1294-1302 to get England off continent but fr relied on eng for wool and so towns revolted, debatable if capable or let others do stuff for him, to get $ for war he imprisoned merchants, got pope to declare knights heretics, confiscated Jewish property, taxes from church, estates general

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7
Q

Estates general

A

3 houses 1. Nobility 2. Clergy 3. Commoners (urban middle class)
Granted taxes and went with kings policies, Philip had them meet to go against boniface

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8
Q

Interregnum

A

Period in which state has no ruler

Germany went through it til Habsburg

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9
Q

Rudolph Habsburg

A

R. 1273-1291
Elected to end interregnum bc he was minor noble with isolated lands near alps, limited the outlawry of knights acting as tyrants, couldn’t tke on nobles, took Austria and kept it for family so got kicked out and Lux replaced, lost 3 Swiss cantons,

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10
Q

Luxembourgs

A

Elected 1308 after habsburgs, used power to gain family holdings, Charles IV made golden bull

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11
Q

Charles IV

A

R. 1346-1378 Luxembourg

Made golden bull

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12
Q

Golden bull

A

To stabilize process of electing emperor, 7 electors (3 ecclesiastics and 4 nobles)
Meet 1 month after king dies and elect new one

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13
Q

Michael VIII Palaeologus

A

R. 1216-1282 Nicean Empire
Recaptured Constantinople bc neither side would cross river, subdued Bulgarian empire by marrying females off , left empire Byzantine, not good legacy

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14
Q

Balkanization

A

In 20th c. It’s splitting territory up, Byzantine emperors often settled various tribes

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15
Q

Mongols

A

Turkic region, nomadic tribes under chief, amassed largest empire ever known, power over China, Afghanistan, Persia, Caucasus, Beijing, Slavs. Got part of Russia est Golden Horde

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16
Q

Golden Horde

A

Capital of a division of Mongol, maintained suzerainty over lands but princes got to rule them and had to give money to them

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17
Q

Genghis khan

A

Chief of monols, inflexible emperor, got largest empire

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18
Q

Batu

A

Grandson of genghis, got Poland, Hungary and Russia

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19
Q

Roger bacon

A

1214-94 English Franciscan
Philosophy to investigate natural laws, founder of western scientific writing, argued knowledge can be verified only be ecperimental science (hypothesis and test)

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20
Q

William Ockham

A

1285-1349 English Franciscan
Philosophy to investigate natural law, didnt attack aquinas but said Christian faith can’t be proved, observation for heaven and earth

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21
Q

Ockham’s razor

A

Guiding principle in logical argument, what can be explained by fewer principles is explained needlessly by more. Simplicity of argument

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22
Q

St. Bona venture

A

1221-1274
Contemporary of Thomas aquinas, used intuited principles to prove God, emphasized spiritual exercises, see God in creaturs, contemplation leads to revelation in God’d existence

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23
Q

Transsubstantiation

A

Miraculous conversion of bread and wine into body and blood of Christ

24
Q

Corpus Christi Day

A

To aid laity in understanding importance of Eucharist, procession, popular plays, lots of anti-semitism,

25
Q

Anti-semitism

A

Chrch made them wear Star of David, participation of Jews lending money led to feelings of hostility and competition by Christianz,

26
Q

Simony

A

Act of paying for a sacrament, for bishops and popes lifestyles

27
Q

Beguines

A

Pious laywomen in groups that were kind of monastic in 12th c. Europe. Lived in houses with each other or families, didnt take vows but devoted to simple tasks, may eventually marry, chrchnwanted them in Dominican order

28
Q

Beghars

A

Male counterpart of beguiens

29
Q

Boyars

A

Hereditary nobility, brutally destroyed by Ivan IV

30
Q

Ivan IV, the terrible

A

E. 1530-1584
Founder of Russian state–undies Russia and ppl and made govt centralized and himself autocrat of Russia, destroyed boyars

31
Q

Sudebnik

A

Like Byzantine emperors made new laws, Ivan 111

32
Q

Tsar

A

Ivan III gave himself this title

33
Q

Ivan III

A

R. 1462-1505
Completed unification of Russian land, laid foundations for mod r, acquired Novgorod cuz neither side wanted to cross river, made himself tsar, rebuilt Moscow and made it pretty, proclaimed sudebnik

34
Q

Moscow

A

Ivan 1 made it prominent, 3rd Rome, headquarters of Russian church, eventually capital of Russia

35
Q

Ivan I

A

R. 1328-1341
Made Moscow important, got more territory on N Volga R, courted favor of Golden Horde, became grand duke of Russia from Mongols, got authority to collect $ from Russia lands while making $ for own treasury,

36
Q

Kremlins

A

Period 12-15thnc. Age of feudal Russia, nearly all towns had them, lots of small divisin towns

37
Q

Novgorod

A

Devastation/invasions o Mongols into Russia, Russians moved N to region rule by Novgorod, these immigrants are ancestors i modern Russians

38
Q

Celestine V

A

1294 elected bc papacy losing prestige, famous hermit, assumed he’d be a pious figurehead, resigned bc of corruption

39
Q

Boniface VIII

A

R. 1294-1303
Successor to Celestine V, forbade clergy from making payments w/out papal permission, Eng ignored and Phillip retaliated with estates general and forbidding exports going to Rome, issued another bull condemning him, Philip had him arrested and got rescued

40
Q

Clericis Laicos

A

1296- boniface VIII, papal bull (use 1st 2 words) forbade all clergy from making payments w:out papal permission, have pope control of royal finances eng ignored, Philip freaked

41
Q

Unam sanctum

A

Papal bull after Philip did estates general, declared Philip must submit to boniface’s authority or risk damnation of immortal soul, Philip had him arrested and next pope revoked it

42
Q

Clement V

A

Elected pope 1305, postponed going to Rome and stayed in French speaking city of Avignon, for 68 yrs popes loved in fr. Monarchy shadow, Rome wouldn’t give $ so had to fund lifestyle w/ simony, tithes on clergy, sold divorced and penance and exemptions from law

43
Q

Geography of Europe

A

Surrounded by water=expansion
Temperate climate=animals=disease immunity
Natural resources

44
Q

Legacy of euro

A

No unification for long time so competition and innovation and outward looking expansion

45
Q

3 trends of w. civ. foundation

A
  1. globalization-ideas expansion
  2. democritization-spread of ideas
  3. Modernization-old things new
46
Q

Founders of w. civ.

A

Ancient Greece-democracy, philosophy
Alexander the Great massadonian- expansion and globalized Greek philosophy
Romans-stoicism and paxromana

47
Q

Christianity’s influence

A
  1. soul is immortal and must go someplace so morals and gives everyone equality
  2. monotheism
48
Q

St Augustine

A

Church father, city of god and man get to city of god. Use church to do it, justifies church power

49
Q

Pope

A

Holds all spiritual power on earth, probs with having political power too

50
Q

Stoicism

A

Do your duty for the whole even if you don’t like it, roman

51
Q

Feudalism

A

Loyalty to one person, service for protection.

Small and local. German

52
Q

Charlemagne-Charles the great

A

Only person that tried to fix m.a.
Learning and writing but died and it fell apart and Vikings cme
Became dark ages

53
Q

Plato

A

Everything we know we are born knowing we just have to discover it.
Rationalist

54
Q

Rationalist

A

Everything we want to learn is there, we have to think rationally why/what

55
Q

Aristotle

A

Must experience things to gain knowledge. Empiricism

56
Q

Empiricism

A

Knowledge comes from experience

57
Q

St Thomas aquinas

A

Scholasticism-bridge faith and reason

Ppl have reason and getting to heaven is faith and experiencing faith is happiness.

Chapter 10 Euro (2 decks)

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