Ch. 1 Vocabulary

Question 1

the scientific study of living organisms and their interactions with the environment

Answer 1

Biology

Question 2

the high degree of order within an organism’s internal and external parts

Answer 2

Organization

Question 3

the smallest unit that can perform all life processes

Answer 3

Cell

Question 4

describes an organism that consists of a single cell

Answer 4

Unicellular

Question 5

describes a tissue, organ, or organism that is made of many cells

Answer 5

Multicellular

Question 6

A collection of tissues that carry out a specialized function of the body

Answer 6

Organ

Question 7

A group of similar cells that perform a common function

Answer 7

tissue

Question 8

one of the small bodies that are found in the cytoplasm of a cell and that are specialized to perform a specific function

Answer 8

organelle

Question 9

chemical compound that provides physical structure

Answer 9

biological molecule

Question 10

the maintenance of a constant internal state in a changing environment

Answer 10

homeostasis

Question 11

the sum of all chemical processes that occur in an organism

Answer 11

metabolism

Question 12

the formation of two cells from an existing cell

Answer 12

cell division

Question 13

the process by which an organism grows

Answer 13

development

Question 14

the process of reproducing offspring

Answer 14

reproduction

Question 15

a segment of DNA that is located in a chromosome and that codes for a specific hereditary trait

Answer 15

gene

Question 16

in a taxonomic system based on rRNA analysis, one of the three broad groups that all living things fall into

Answer 16

domain

Question 17

the highest taxonomic category, which contains a group of similar phyla

Answer 17

kingdom

Question 18

The study of interactions between organisms and their environment

Answer 18

ecology

Question 19

A community of organisms and their abiotic environment

Answer 19

ecosystem

Question 20

a heritable change in the characteristics within a population from one generation to the next

Answer 20

evolution

Question 21

process by which individuals that are better suited to their environment survive and reproduce most successfully

Answer 21

natural selection

Question 22

the process of becoming adapted to an environment

Answer 22

adaption

Question 23

the process of obtaining information by using the senses; the information obtained by using the senses

Answer 23

observation

Question 24

a testable idea or explanation that leads to scientific investigation

Answer 24

hypothesis

Question 25

the expected outcome if a hypothesis is accurate

Answer 25

prediction

Question 26

a procedure that is carried out under controlled conditions to discover, demonstrate, or test a fact, theory, or general truth

Answer 26

experiment

Question 27

a group that serves as a standard of comparison with another group to which the control group is identical except for one factor

Answer 27

control group

Question 28

a group that is identical to the control group except for one factor

Answer 28

experimental group

Question 29

in an experiment, the factor that is deliberately manipulated

Answer 29

independent variable

Question 30

in an experiment, the factor that changes as a result of manipulation of one or more factors

Answer 30

dependent variable

Question 31

a system of ideas that explains many related observations and is supported by a large body of evidence acquired through scientific investigation

Answer 31

theory

Question 32

the process in which experts in a given field examine the results and conclusions of a scientist’s study before that study is accepted for publication

Answer 32

peer review

Question 33

a series of steps followed to solve problems

Answer 33

scientific method