Ch. 1 Vocab

Question 1

Chemistry

Answer 1

The study of the composition, structure, and properties of matter and the changes that matter undergoes.

Question 2

Chemical

Answer 2

Any substance that has a definite composition or is used or produced in a chemical process.

Question 3

Mass

Answer 3

Measure of the amount of matter.

Question 4

Matter

Answer 4

Anything that has mass and takes up space.

Question 5

Atom

Answer 5

Smallest unit of an element that maintains the chemical identity of that element.

Question 6

Element

Answer 6

A pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler, stable substances and is made of one type of atom.

Question 7

Compound

Answer 7

A substance that can be broken down into simple stable substances. Made of 2 or more elements that are chemically bonded.

Question 8

Extensive Properties

Answer 8

Depend on the amount of matter that is present.

Question 9

Intensive Properties

Answer 9

Do not depend on the amount of matter present.

Question 10

Physical Property

Answer 10

A characteristic that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the substance.

Question 11

Physical Change

Answer 11

A change in a substance that does not involve a change in the identity of the substance.

Question 12

Change of State

Answer 12

Physical change of a substance from one state to another. Ex: solid, gas, liquid.

Question 13

Solid state

Answer 13

Definite volume, definite shape.

Question 14

Liquid State

Answer 14

Definite volume, indefinite shape.

Question 15

Gas State

Answer 15

Indefinite volume and shape.

Question 16

Plasma

Answer 16

High-temperature physical state of matter in which atoms lose most of their electrons, particles that make up atoms.

Question 17

Chemical Property

Answer 17

Relates to a substance’s ability to undergo changes that transform it into different substances.

Question 18

Chemical Change/Reaction

Answer 18

A change in which one or more substances are converted into different substances.

Question 19

Reactants

Answer 19

Substances that react in a chemical change.

Question 20

Products

Answer 20

Substances that are formed by the chemical change.

Question 21

Mixture

Answer 21

A blend of 2 or more kinds of matter, each of which retains its own identity and properties.

Question 22

Homogeneous Mixture

Answer 22

Uniform in composition.

Ex: salt water and sugar water

Question 23

Solution

Answer 23

Homogeneous mixtures.

Question 24

Heterogeneous mixture

Answer 24

Not uniform throughout. Ex: sand, dusty atmosphere, clay and water, sand and water.

Question 25

Pure Substance

Answer 25

Has a fixed composition. *Always homogeneous.

Question 26

Pure Substances differ from mixtures in:

Answer 26

1) Every sample of a given pure substance has exactly the same characteristic Properties.
2) Every sample of a pure substance has exactly the same composition.

Question 27

Groups/Family

Answer 27

Vertical columns of the periodic table.

Question 28

Periods

Answer 28

The horizontal rows of elements in the periodic table.

Question 29

Metal

Answer 29

Element that is a good electrical conductor and a good heat conductor.

Question 30

Nonmetal

Answer 30

Element that is a poor conductor of heat and electricity.

Question 31

Metalloid

Answer 31

Element that has some characteristics of metals and some characteristics of nonmetals.