ch-1 variation in psychological attributes Flashcards
how do psychologists characterise and define intelligence?
i) Psychological motion of intelligence is quite different from the common sensed motion of intelligence.
ii) oxford dictionary explains intelligence as the power of perceiving, learning, understanding and knowing.
iii) alfred binet defined intelligence as the ability to judge well, understand well and reason well.
iv) later, wechsler defined intelligence in terms of its functionality. he defined intelligence as the global capacity of an individual to think rationally, act purposefully and to deal effectively with his/her environment.
v) present day psychologists such as gardner and sternberg emphasised that an intelligent individual not only adapts to the environment, but actively modifies or shapes it.
vi) sternberg views intelligence as the ability to adapt, to shape and select environment to accomplish ones goals and those of one’s society and culture.
what extent is our intelligence the result of heredity (nature) and environment (nurture)?
explain briefly the multiple intelligences identified by gardner.
how does the triarchic theory help us to understand intelligence?
any intellectual activity involves the independent functioning of three neurological systems. explain with reference to the PASS model.
are there cultural differences in the conceptualization of intelligence?
what is iq? how do psychologists classify people on the bases of their iq scores?
discuss various types of intelligence tests
all people do not have the same intellectual capacity. how do individuals vary in their intellectual ability?
which of the two, IQ or EQ, do you think would be more related to success in life and why?
how is aptitude different from interest and intelligence? how is aptitude measured?
how is creativity related to intelligence? or how creativity and creativity tests are related but different from each other?
who among the following defines intelligence as the global capacity of an individual to think rationally, act purposefully and deal with the environment effectively-
a) spearman
b) binet
c) david wechsler
d) gaton
c) wechsler
_______ of stanford university revised binet’s scale intended for school children in the united states-
a) wechsler
b) spearman
c) terman
d) thurstone
c) terman
who among the following was the first person that devised systematic tests to measure intelligence of children-
a) terman
b) binet
c) thorndike
d) wechsler
b) binet
the ratio which states the relationship between the mental age and the chronological age-
a) development quotient (DQ)
b) intelligence quotient (IQ)
c) performance quotient (PQ)
d) none of the above
b) intelligence quotient (IQ)
spearman said that there was a generability employed by people while adjusting with different sorts of intellectual tasks. this factor is called-
a) specific factor
b) general factor
c) multi-factors
d) none of the above
b) general factor
who among the following had given the structure of intellect model of intelligence-
a) spearman
b) thurstone
c) guilford
d) thorndike
c) guilford
tests designed to measure capacities, that is to predict what one can accomplish with training is called-
a) achievement tests
b) aptitude tests
c) intelligence tests
d) interest tests
b) aptitude tests
test scores are ______ when they are dependable, reproducible and consistent-
a) unreliable
b) reliable
c) valid
d) invalid
b) reliable
______, a cousin of charles darwin, developed the first test designed to measure intelligence-
a) alfred binet
b) francis galton
c) lewis terman
d) none of the above
b) francis galton
IQ below _____ is generally considered mental retardation-
a) 100
b) 70
c) 120
d) 110
b) 70
lewis terman, who was responsible for the stanford-binet, adopted the _____ as an index of mental development-
a) mental age
b) IQ
c) development quotient (DQ)
d) performance quotient (PQ)
b) IQ
_____ retarded people have the IQ ranging from 25 to 39.
a) mild
b) moderate
c)severe
d) profound
c) severe
who among the following psychologists made the first attempt to classify mental retardation in terms of intelligence?
a) seguin
b) terman
c) binet
d) wechsler
a) seguin
Moderately retarded people have the I.Q. range of
on the Wechsler Scales.
(a) 25 to 39
(b) 40 to 54
(c) 55 to 69
(d) 20 to 25
(b) 40 to 54
Distinctiveness and variations among people’s characteristics and behavioural patterns is called:
(a) Situationism
(b) Individual differences
(c) Assessment
(d) Variability
(b) Individual differences
Q16. Who defined intelligence as the ability to judge well, understand well and reason well?
a) Binet
(b) Wechsler
(c) Sternberg
(d) Gardner
a) Binet
Intelligence is the ability to shaping and adaptation. This notion was proposed by-
(a) Binet and Simon
(b) Wechsler
c) Sternberg
(d) Gardner
c) Sternberg
The theory that assumes intelligence as one similar set of abilities is called-‘
a) uni factor
b) two factor
c) hierarchical
d) structure of model
a) uni factor
two factor theory was proposed by-
a) arthur jensen
b)guilford
c) spearman
d) binet
c) spearman
arthur jensen model of intelligence consists of abilities operating at two levels. they are-
a) spatial and perceptual speed
b) associative learning and cognitive component
c) g factor and s factor
d) visual and semantic
b) associative learning and cognitive component
guilford’s model of intellect include _____ cells.
a) 120
b) 130
c) 180
d)100
c) 180
who devised the concept of IQ?
a) bonet and simon
b) william stern
c) wechsler
d) spearman
b) william stern
an IQ between the range of 90-100 is-
a) average
b) below average
c) borderline
d) mentally retarded
a) average
giftedness according to teacher’s point of view is the combination of high ability, high creativity and -
a) high judgement
b) high thinking
c) high commitment
d) high motivation
c) high commitment
who pioneered the construction of intelligence test in hindi?
a) C.B. Rice
b) S.M. Mohsin
c) Mahalanobis
d) uday pareek
b) S.M. Mohsin
preference for a particular acivity is called-
a) aptitude
b) interest
c) intelligence
d) attitude
b) interest
PASS model of intelligence emphasises functioning of three functional units of brain namely arousal, planning and _____________
a) successive and simultaneous and processing
b) semantic and spatial
c) conceptual and comprehensive
d) speed and symbolic
a) successive and simultaneous and processing
cognitive assessment system (CAS) can be administered to children between the ages-
a) 5-18
b) 7-14
c) 6-12
d) 8-16
a) 5-18
term referring to the remarkable ability in a specific field is called-
a) giftedness
b) intellectually superior
c) talent
d) intelligent
c) talent
someone with an IQ of 30 who shows difficulty in taking care of themselves would be classified as-
a) mild intellectual defficiency
b) moderate intellectual defficiency
c) severe intellectual defficiency
d) profound intellectual deficiency
c) severe intellectual defficiency
kashvi has high self regulation, is able to monitor her emotions, is honest, polite and displays good conduct. she is said to be high on-
a) cognition
b) social
c) emotional
d) entrepreneurial
c) emotion
shreyansh has high aptitude in verbal reasioning and strong interest in reading. he is more likely to succeed as a-
a) athelete
b) journalist
c) engineer
d) agriculturist
b) journalist
which of the following caters to the performance component of the triarchic theory of intelligence-
(a) Solving a mathematical problem during exams
(b) Paying attention in class to gave understanding of the mathematical concept
(c) Revising the concepts taught us the class at home
(d) Avoiding to give exam
a) Solving a mathematical problem during exams
Sindhu won tournament 2019. According to psychologists Sindhu would be high on ________ intelligence-
(a) Spatial
(b) Naturalistic
(c) Bodily kinesthetic
(d) Interpersonal
c) Bodily kinesthetic
According to Steruberg’s theory, experiential intelligence comprises of:
(a) Basic academic skills
(b) Creative problem solving
(c) Learning and acquisition of the ways of doing things
(d) Ability to learn from past experiences creativity
(d) Ability to learn from past experiences creativity
The mental age of an 8 year old with an IQ of 110-
8.8
If you are highly creative or gifted in arts or atheletics, you would most likely rate high on Robert Sternbergs which intelligence?
bodily kinesthetic
the _______approach considers intelligence as an aggregate of abilities.
psychometric
The concept of intelligence which emphasises on cognitive competence like speed, creativity, minimum moves etc. is called _ _ _ _ _ intelligences.
technological
Intelligence in the Indian tradition called _ _ _ _ _
integral intelligences
- The notion of contextual intelligence implies that intelligence is a product of _ _ _ _ _
culture
A student who is going for higher studies requires _ _ _ _ _ intelligence according to sternburg
componential
While solving problems of verbal and non-verbal test of intelligence the subject is using _ _ _ _ _ _ according to the PASS model.
simultaneous processing
The ability to size up situation and adopt to real life demand is _ _ _ _
street smart
Street smart person are high on _ _ _ _ _ _ intelligence
contextual
A person who can appraise and regulate his emotions can be called _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
emotionally intelligent
If a person has the skill to understand others motives, feelings and behaviours of others is said to have _ _ _ _ _ _ _ intelligence.
emotional
IQ range of mild intellectual difficiency is _ _ _ _ _ _ _
52-69
Skills involved in scientific thinking and problem solving refer to gardner’s _ _ _ _ _ _ intelligence
logical mathematical
_ _ _ _ _ intelligence is a set of skills that underlie accurate appraisal, expression and regulation of emotions.
emotional
According to gardner, sculptors are likely to have high _ _ _ _ _ intelligence.
spatial
Societies that foster skills of speed, minimal moves and mental manipulation, promote a type of behaviour called _ _ _ _ _ _ _
technological intelligence
Societies that foster skills of speed, minimal moves and mental manipulation, promote a type of behaviour called _ _ _ _ _ _ _
technological intelligence
According to teachers, students who have combination of high ability, high creativity and high commitment are said to be _ _ _ _ _ _
gifted
Sonakshi is a community psychologist. She is working with Govt. of India on a project calling ‘understanding the potential of young India.’ She has been asked to measure the IQ of the children ranging from 7-15 year old. However the children do not know how to read and write. Can she still administer a psychometric test on children to measure there IQ. Give examples of the tests that Sonakshi can use.
Non-verbal test of intelligence like RSPM.
Hierarichal model of intelligence consists of abilities that are, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ and _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
Level I-Associative learning, Level II-Cognitive competence
Aptitude tests are of two types: _ _ _ _ _ and _ _ _ _ _ _
specialised , generalised
People high on interpreting different experiences in an original way to make new discoveries and inventions have _ _ _ _ _ _ _ intelligences
experiential
Feeling aspect of intelligence is called _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
emotional intelligence
Systematic testing procedure to assess personality traits, abilities and behaviour is called _ _ _ _ _ _
psychological assessment
Arranging all the information in a serial order in such a way that recall of one will help recall of the other is called _ _ _ _ _ _ _
successive processing
Individual’s enduring beliefs are called _ _ _ _ _ _
values
The approach which emphasise that individual differences are caused more by external factors than internal is called _ _ _ _ _ _
situationist perspective
Intelligence is influenced by both _ _ _ _ and _ _ _ _ _
nature, nurture
_ _ _ _ _ _ is a preference for a particular activity.
interest
Measure of intellectual functioning of an individual in terms of age, according to Binet is called _ _ _ _ _ _
mental age
IQ scores of people from any population on a graph will form a _ _ _ _ _ _
normal curve
All the mental processes that deal with obtaining and processing information and integrating them is called _ _ _ _ _ _ _
simultaneous processing
What do you mean by individual differences?
(i) Individual differences refer to distinctiveness and variations among people’s characteristics. (ii) Different traits can exist in varying degrees in an individual.
(iii) Each one of us is unique as we possess a novel or typical combination of various traits.
How individual differences are useful for the society?
(i) Individual differences make the world beautiful, purposeful and goal directed.
(ii) Different people have different needs and to satisfy the different needs, different types of skills are required. That is why variability is a fact of nature which helps in adaptation
