Ch. 1 Some Fundamentals Flashcards
Newton’s 1st Law of Motion
Law of Inertia
With no net force acting upon it, an object at rest tends to stay at rest, & an object in motion tends to stay in motion.
Vector
Something with both size & direction, used to represent something graphically
Momentum
Mass of body multiplied by its velocity
Inertia
Resistance to change
Speed
Rate of change of distance per unit of time.
Units: Knots Indicated Airspeed (KIAS), mph, etc.
Velocity
Magnitude (speed) & direction
Acceleration
Rate of change of velocity
Moment
It is the reaction at a pivot point of a force multiplied by the distance from the pivot point that the force acts about.
Also known as torque.
Couple
Two forces acting in equal & opposite parallel directions.
Force
Ability to cause motion or change the direction of motion.
Units: foot-pounds, Newtons
Newton’s 2nd Law of Motion
The acceleration of an object is proportional to the force acting on it & inversely proportional to its mass.
F = m x a
The greater the mass of an object, the more force required to accelerate (move) it.
Energy
Ability to do work
Units: calorie, Joule, foot-pounds
Potential energy
Energy “stored” in a body with respect to a surface due to a height difference between a body & a frame of reference (or surface).
Kinetic energy
Energy due to motion
Power
Rate of doing work
Units: horsepower (550-foot pounds per second), kilowatts
Newton’s 3rd Law of Motion
For every action, there’s an equal & opposite reaction.
Define extrapolate
Extend by inferring unknown values from trends in the known data
Estimate values based on trends of the current data set
Define interpolate
Estimating unknown values that fall between known values
