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biology xii > ch 1 reproduction in organisms > Flashcards

ch 1 reproduction in organisms Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

reproduction

A

a biological process in which an organism gives rise to young ones (offspring) similar to itself

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2
Q

life cycle of elephant

A

60-90 yrs

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3
Q

rose

A

5-7 years

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4
Q

dog

A

14-20 years

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5
Q

butterfly

A

1-2 weeks

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6
Q

crow

A

15 years

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7
Q

banana tree

A

25 years

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8
Q

cow

A

20-25 years

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9
Q

parrot

A

140 years

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10
Q

crocodile

A

60 years

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11
Q

horse

A

60 years

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12
Q

fruit fly

A

30 days

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13
Q

rice plant

A

3-4 months

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14
Q

tortoise

A

100-150 years

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15
Q

banyan tree

A

200 years

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16
Q

asexual reproduction

A

offspring is produced by a single parent with or without the involvement of gamete formation

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17
Q

sexual reproduction

A

two parents (opposite sex) participate in the reproductive process and also involve fusion of male and female gametes

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18
Q

yeast

A

budding

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19
Q

amoeba

A

binary fission

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20
Q

chlamydomonas

A

zoospores

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21
Q

penicillium

A

conidia

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22
Q

hydra

A

buds

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23
Q

sponge

A

gemmules

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24
Q

paramoecium

A

binary fission

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25
Q

ameoba under unfavorable conditions

A

amoeba withdraws it’s pseudopodia and secretes a THREE LAYERED hard covering or cyst around itself (encystation).
when favorable conditions return, they multiply by multiple fission and produce many minute amoeba or PSEUDOPODIOSPORES; cyst wall bursts out and spores are liberated (SPORULATION)

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26
Q

potato

A

eyes

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27
Q

ginger

A

rhizome

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28
Q

agave

A

bulbil

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29
Q

bryophyllum

A

leaf buds

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30
Q

water hyacinth

A

offset

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31
Q

zoospores

A

asexual, microscopic motile structures

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32
Q

hydra

A

fragmentation

33
Q

juvenile/vegetative stage

A

stage of growth and maturity before they can reproduce sexually

34
Q

bamboo

A

flowers once in a lifetime (monocarpic), generally after 50-100 years

35
Q

strobilanthus kunthiana (neelakuranji)

A

once every 12 years

36
Q

oestrus cycle

A

non primate mammals

no monthly recurrence

37
Q

menstrual cycle

A

primates

monthly recurrence

38
Q

seasonal breeders

A

exhibit reproductive cycles only during favorable seasons

39
Q

continuous breeders

A

reproductively active throughout their reproductive phase

40
Q

pre fertilization events

A
  1. gametogenesis

2. gamete transfer

41
Q

homogametes/isogametes

A

same or similar gametes

42
Q

heterogametes

A

different gametes morphologically

43
Q

male gamete

A

antherozoid or sperm

44
Q

female gamete

A

egg or ovum

45
Q

bisexual

A

both male and female reproductive structures on same plant

46
Q

unisexual

A

male and female reproductive structures on different plants

47
Q

monoecious/homothallic (in fungi and plants)

A

bisexual condition

48
Q

dioecious/heterothallic

A

unisexual condition

49
Q

male flower

A

staminate

50
Q

female flower

A

pistillate

51
Q

monoecious plants

A

cucurbits and coconuts

chara

52
Q

dioecious plants

A

papaya and date palm

marchantia

53
Q

bisexual animals (hermaphrodites)

A

earthworms, sponge, tapeworm, and leech

54
Q

unisexual animals

A

cockroach

55
Q

haploid parental body

A

monera, fungi, algae, bryophytes

56
Q

diploid parental body

A

pteridophytes, gymnosperms, angiosperms, most animals

57
Q

bisexual flower

A

sweet potato

58
Q

chromosome number in humans

A

46

59
Q

house fly

A

12

60
Q

rat

A

42

61
Q

dog

A

78

62
Q

cat

A

38

63
Q

fruit fly

A

8

64
Q

ophioglossum (a fern)

A

1290

65
Q

apple

A

34

66
Q

rice

A

24

67
Q

maize

A

20

68
Q

potato

A

12

69
Q

butterfly

A

380

70
Q

onion

A

16

71
Q

meiocytes

A

diploid

gamete mother cell

72
Q

parthenogenesis

A

female undergoes development to form new organisms without fertilisation
rotifers, honeybees, some lizards and birds (turkey)

73
Q

external fertilisation

A

bony fishes

frogs

74
Q

zygote

A

vital link that ensures continuity of species between organisms of one generation and the next

75
Q

oviparous animals

A

calcareous shell

reptiles and birds

76
Q

viviparous organisms

A

chances of survival of young ones are greater

77
Q

zygote

A

embryo

78
Q

ovules

A

seed

79
Q

ovary

A

fruit

biology xii (2 decks)

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