Ch 1 Quiz

Question 1

A school psychologist notes that Timmy’s reluctance to speak up in class is due to the fact that his peers in the second grade laughed at him when he made a mistake several weeks ago. This is a demonstration of which goal of psychology?

Answer 1

explanation

Question 2

Jill believes that she can predict an individual’s personality simply by referring back to the position of the stars on the day the individual was born. Her beliefs capture the essence of ________.

Answer 2

pseudopsychology

Question 3

The individual credited with establishing the school of thought called functionalism was ________.

Answer 3

William James

Question 4

The founder of behaviorism was ________.

Answer 4

John B. Watson

Question 5

A number that indicates the degree and direction of the relationship between variables is called a(n) ________.

Answer 5

correlation coefficient

Question 6

Psychology is defined as the ________.

Answer 6

scientific study of behavior and mental processes

Question 7

According to the humanistic perspective, an inborn drive to develop all of one’s talents and abilities is called ________.

Answer 7

self-actualization

Question 8

What is the process of objectively evaluating, comparing, analyzing, and synthesizing information?

Answer 8

critical thinking

Question 9

Basic research is best defined as research that ________.

Answer 9

advances scientific knowledge

Question 10

If a student lies on a questionnaire regarding the number of sexual partners she has had during the course of her lifetime, then ________ can best describe the student’s behavior.

Answer 10

social desirability responding

Question 11

In what year was the first scientific laboratory of psychology established in Leipzig, Germany?

Answer 11

1879

Question 12

Brianna conducts a research study and finds that her results were statistically unlikely to have occurred merely by chance; that is, they were real outcomes and not a coincidental finding. When she writes a report of her findings, she will not that they were ________.

Answer 12

statistically significant

Question 13

In ________ research, a researcher observes or measures (without manipulating) two or more variables to determine whether or not there is a relationship between them. This kind of research does not allow one to draw conclusions about a cause-and-effect relationship.

Answer 13

correlational

Question 14

In a case study, a researcher is most likely to ________.

Answer 14

conduct an in-depth study of a single research participant

Question 15

Biological psychologists emphasize that behavior is the result of ________.

Answer 15

genetics and physiological processes in the brain and nervous system

Question 16

Before you attempt to change your time management skills, you should ________.

Answer 16

record current activities to establish a baseline

Question 17

The control group in an experiment is the group in which participants ________.

Answer 17

?

Question 18

Watching episodes of aggression on television can cause children to become physically more aggressive. As a result, the computer V-chip was created to block violent content on television. What goal of psychology does this best represent?

Answer 18

change

Question 19

Debriefing is ________.

Answer 19

explaining the purpose of the study, anticipated results, and deceptions used when the study is over

Question 20

Which individual is credited with coining the term “structuralism” to describe one of the earliest schools of thought in psychology and brought that way of thinking to the United States?

Answer 20

Edward Titchener