CH 1-Perspectives of Abnormal Behavior Flashcards
- statistical infrequency
- violation of norms
- personal distress
- disability or impairment
- risk of harm (to self or others)
- unexpectedness & unpredictability
- irrationality/incomprehensibility
are
characteristic of abnormal behaviour
deviance - distress - dysfunction - danger are
4Ds characteristic of abnormal behaviour
how can we define psychopathology?
Compare with a disease definition
a disordered or incorrectly functioning organ, part, structure, or system of the body resulting from the effect of genetic or developmental errors, infection, poisons, nutritional deficiency or imbalance, toxicity, or unfavourable environmental factors
DISEASE
A clinically significant behavioural or psychological syndrome or pattern that occurs in an individual
mental disorder
associated with present distress (e.g., a painful symptom) or disability (e.g., impairment in one or more important areas of functioning) or with a significantly increased………….. death, pain, disability or an important loss of freedom
risk of suffering
In addition, this syndrome or pattern must not be merely an expectable and culturally sanctioned response to a particular event, for example, the death of a loved one. Whatever its original cause, it must currently be considered a manifestation of ……………………., ………………………, ………………. dysfunction in the individual
behavioural, psychological, or biological
Neither deviant behaviour (e.g., political, religious, or sexual) nor conflicts that are primarily between the individual and society are mental disorders unless the deviance or conflict is a symptom of ……………. in the individual, as described above” (APA, 2000)
a dysfunction
Some sets of symptoms recognized as disorders in certain parts of the world are not familiar to most Westerners such as ………….
Koro
Other behaviours could be considered disorders based on cultural definitions such as ……………..
Possession trance
……………………..(removed from DSM in 1973*)
……………………. dissidents in the Soviet Union (”invented” in the 1960s)
………………….. slaves’ running away (coined by Samuel A. Cartwright in 1851)
homosexuality
sluggish schizophrenia
drapetomania
5,854 psychiatrists voted to remove ………… from the DSM and 3,810to retain it
homosexuality
African Americans are……….. times more likely than White Americans to receive a diagnosis on the ……….. Spectrum
3-5
Schizophrenia
Latino Americans are ……… times more likely than White Americans to receive a diagnosis on the ……… Spectrum
3
Schizophrenia
Immigrant racial minorities are more likely to receive a diagnosis on the Schizophrenia Spectrum than …………………. with majority racial background
natives
African Americans are less believed in ……………. than White American
interviews
Diagnostic tools were developed with ……………. take on and for …………………
Euro-American
White Americans
International research is comparable: Canada has a Cultural Consultation Service (CCS). After reviewing 323 cases, ……. %
of Schizophrenia diagnoses were changed however the largest population whose diagnoses were not changed were ……………..
49% Black Canadians (44%)
The 1960s & 1970s - some researchers and psychiatrists believed that behaviour that was merely unusual or undesirable (deviated from cultural and social norms) had come to be labelled
mental illness
Thomas Szasz (1960) –actually proposed that mental illness was a ………..
myth
Clinician’s race leads to
diagnostic bias
Non-African American diagnosticians associated ……………….. with Schizophrenia for African American patients
negative symptoms
white Americans may ……………………. of Mood Disorders amongst African Americans
Underdiagnosis
